Sputum acid-fast bacilli smear conversion is a fundamental index of treatment response and reduced infectivity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (P-TB). To date, there are no models to predict the time to sputum conversion based on patient characteristics. This study aims to ascertain the time to sputum conversion in patients with smear-positive P-TB under treatment, and the variables associated with time to smear conversion. We retrospectively evaluated the time to sputum smear conversion of 89 patients with smear-positive P-TB undergoing treatment at the S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna (Italy), a referral centre for the diagnosis of TB. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to document variables independently associated with time to conversion. Median time to sputum smear conversion was 24 days (IQR 12-54); the sputum smear converted within the first 2 months of treatment in 78.7% patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that older age, high baseline mycobacterial load detected by Xpert MTB/RIF, and severity of lung involvement are predictors of persistent smear positivity. The identification of risk factors delaying smear conversion allowed us to develop predictive models that may greatly facilitate the management of smear-positive patients in terms of the duration of respiratory isolation and treatment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Identification of Factors Determining Patterns of Serum C-Reactive Protein Level Reduction in Response to Treatment Initiation in Patients with Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Antibiotics (Basel)
December 2024
Pharmacogenetic and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Education and Research Centre, Riga Stradins University, Konsula Street 21, LV1007 Riga, Latvia.
Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels vary depending on radiological and bacteriological findings at the time of tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. However, the utility of this biomarker in monitoring response to anti-TB treatment and identifying patients at risk of treatment failure is not well established. This study evaluated the impact of patients' baseline characteristics and anti-TB drug plasma exposure on the early reduction in serum CRP levels and its relationship with treatment response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy and safety profile of 2 line Anti TB drugs in DRTB patients in a tertiary care hospital of South Punjab.
Pak J Med Sci
December 2024
Rimsha Nazeer, FCPS. Department of Pulmonology, Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how effective and safe second-line anti-TB drugs are for patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in a hospital in South Punjab over a 24-month period.
- It included a review of patient records to track important health metrics like weight and sputum smear results, while noting side effects experienced during treatment.
- Results showed significant improvement in both treatment effectiveness (with more negative sputum smears) and patient weight gain, but also revealed some mild to moderate adverse drug reactions that require careful monitoring.
Nutritional supplementation during tuberculosis treatment to improve clinical symptoms: a double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized trial.
Food Funct
January 2025
Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China.
Undernutrition coexists with tuberculosis and is associated with adverse treatment outcomes. Nutrition packages have been incorporated into tuberculosis patient care in some regions but there are little data on its effectiveness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a nutrition package on the treatment response and nutritional status of tuberculosis patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Infection
November 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates whether vitamin D supplementation can help prevent or treat tuberculosis by analyzing multiple randomized controlled trials.
- A systematic search yielded 26 eligible trials with nearly 20,000 participants, comparing vitamin D supplementation to placebo or standard treatments.
- Results showed inconclusive preventive effects and no significant differences in treatment outcomes, although patients receiving vitamin D had lower tuberculosis scores at 8 and 12 weeks.
Endogenous reactivation cases identified by whole genome sequencing of : Exploration of possible causes in Latvian tuberculosis patients.
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis
December 2024
Rīga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia.
Background: The recurrence of tuberculosis (TB) continues to place a significant burden on patients and TB programs worldwide. Repeated TB episodes can develop either due to endogenous reactivation of previously treated TB or exogenous reinfection with a distinct strain of (Mtb). Determining the precise cause of the recurrent TB episodes and identifying reasons for endogenous reactivation of previously successfully treated patients is crucial for introducing effective TB control measures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!