The article presents the current literature on the role of serotonin in immunomodulation in multiple sclerosis, in particular, on the effect of serotonin on Th17-immune response and function of dendritic cells. The role of serotonin in the regulation of the gut-brain axis and the prospects for serotoninergic drugs as pathogenetic therapy in multiple sclerosis are discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20191192264 | DOI Listing |
Compr Physiol
February 2025
Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a hormone released from enteroendocrine cells in the distal small and large intestines in response to nutrients and other stimuli, not only controls eating and insulin release, but is also involved in drinking control as well as renal and cardiovascular functions. Moreover, GLP-1 functions as a central nervous system peptide transmitter, produced by preproglucagon (PPG) neurons in the hindbrain. Intestinal GLP-1 inhibits eating by activating vagal sensory neurons directly, via GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs), but presumably also indirectly, by triggering the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatr Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The pathophysiology of tic disorders involves an alteration in the transmission of messages through the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit. A major requirement for the passage of a message through this circuit is an intact chemically mediated synaptic neurotransmitter system (ie, neurotransmitters and second messengers). This article reviews the scientific evidence supporting the involvement of a variety of neurotransmitters (ie, dopamine, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, acetylcholine, and the opioid system).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychiatry
January 2025
Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center of Mental Health, The Psychological Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Behavioral addictive disorders (BADs) have become a significant societal challenge over time. The central feature of BADs is the loss of control over engaging in and continuing behaviors, even when facing negative consequences. The neurobiological underpinnings of BADs primarily involve impairments in the reward circuitry, encompassing the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens in the ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Neurobiol
January 2025
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology and Drug Targeting Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak-484 887, MP, India.
Depression is one of the most disabling mental disorders worldwide and characterized by symptoms including worthlessness, anhedonia, sleep, and appetite disturbances. Recently, studies have suggested that tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a key role in depressed mood through serotonin and kynurenine pathway involving enzyme tryptophan 5-monooxygenase (TPH) and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) respectively. Moreover, during neuroinflammation, IDO is activated by proinflammatory cytokines and affects neurogenesis, cognition, disturbed hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and gut homeostasis by altering the gut bacteria and its metabolites like Trp derivatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Drug Discov
January 2025
Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala - CINVESTAV Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México.
Introduction: Existing pharmacotherapies for schizophrenia have not progressed beyond targeting dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission. Rodent models of schizophrenia are a necessary tool for elucidating neuropathological processes and testing potential pharmacotherapies, but positive preclinical results in rodent models often do not translate to positive results in the clinic.
Areas Covered: The authors reviewed PubMed for studies that applied rodent behavioral models of schizophrenia to assess the antipsychotic potential of several novel pharmacotherapies currently under investigation.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!