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Understanding lipopolysaccharide aggregation and its influence on activation of Factor C. | LitMetric

Understanding lipopolysaccharide aggregation and its influence on activation of Factor C.

J Colloid Interface Sci

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 1 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address:

Published: September 2019

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

The quantification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) shed by bacteria within aqueous samples is typically performed by binding LPS to a protein called Factor C within a lysate prepared from the blood of horseshoe crabs (Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL)). How the state of aggregation of LPS impacts Factor C activation, however, is not understood, particularly in the presence of select salts and non-ionic surfactants that are commonly incorporated into pharmaceutical formulations. To address this open question, herein we report on the aggregation status of LPS in aqueous solution, characterized using angle-dependent static and dynamic light scattering with and without chelating salts and polysorbate surfactants, and its correlation with activation of Factor C. Because the aggregation status of LPS is kinetically controlled, care was taken to compare LPS aggregation and activity using identically prepared samples. By plotting LPS activity versus the LPS aggregate size distribution over varied solution conditions, we found a positive correlation between LPS aggregate sizes between 30 and 50 nm and LAL activity. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that activation of Factor C is dependent of LPS aggregate size, and that the modulating effects of salts and surfactants on activation of Factor C is associated with changes in the LPS aggregation.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.05.013DOI Listing

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