Background/purpose: Occult HBV infection (OBI) could have serious clinical consequences in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of OBI in Chinese patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and to analyze its clinical and virological features.
Methods: 103 AIH cases were enrolled. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers were screened by chemiluminescence. HBV-DNA were detected by nest-PCR and real-time PCR. HBV genotyping and mutation analysis were performed by Sanger sequencing.
Results: Twenty-four out of 103 (23.30%) AIH patients had OBI as evidenced by positive HBV-DNA and negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). HBV genotype C is the predominant genotype (57.89%), which had more amino acid (AA) substitutions in S region than that of B-genotype group (P = 0.001). The distribution of AA substitution in the 'α' determinant region between genotype C and B were significantly different (P = 0.042). In addition to those already reported OBI-associated AA substitutions (e.g., sG145R and sV184A), some new OBI-associated AA substitutions (e.g., sV106A, sC137* and sL176P) were found in AIH patients in our study. Three out of 24 (12.50%) OBI patients were diagnosed as decompensated cirrhosis, one patient with S deletion mutation and two patients with HBV extensive AA substitutions.
Conclusions: There was a higher proportion of AIH patients with OBI than the general population in China, which can be either seropositive or seronegative-OBI in AIH patients is associated with some specific AA substitutions. The presence of deletion mutations and the extent of AA substitutions in the HBV S region may have predictive clinical implications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2019.04.009 | DOI Listing |
Expert Opin Drug Saf
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background: Statin-associated autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening adverse event. Currently, no studies have investigated the associationbetween AIH and different statins.
Research Design And Methods: This retrospective analysis of statin-associated AIH utilized the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database (Q1 2004 to Q1 2024) and a systematic literature review.
Cureus
December 2024
General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Nagpur, IND.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a distinct clinical entity with variable presentations and diverse clinical outcomes, characterized by autoimmune-mediated injury to the liver. The detection of autoantibodies and histological features consistent with autoimmune injury is crucial for diagnosing AIH. Early identification and treatment are essential to prevent progression to cirrhosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dig Dis
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and the impact of comorbidity of AIH, PBC, and PSC on hospitalization burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Methods: Inpatients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2021 were included. Odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to compare the risk of AIH, PBC, and PSC between IBD and non-IBD patients.
Cureus
November 2024
Critical Care Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, IND.
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting exocrine glands, leading to symptoms such as dry mouth and dry eyes. While SS can occur as a primary condition, it may overlap with other autoimmune diseases, complicating management. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a liver disorder characterized by elevated serum globulins and liver-specific autoantibodies, can co-occur with SS, although this overlap is rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Gastroenterol
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Introduction: Nationwide, population-based data on the risk of extrahepatic malignancy in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in Asian countries are scarce. This study aimed to examine the risk of developing extrahepatic malignancies in a nationwide cohort of patients with AIH.
Methods: Using claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, patients diagnosed with AIH between 2007 and 2019 (n=7,382) were matched in a 1:8 ratio with an age- and sex-matched control population (n=58,320).
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