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Key regions aberrantly connected within cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit and their genetic mechanism in schizophrenia: an fMRI meta-analysis and transcriptome study.
Schizophrenia (Heidelb)
January 2025
Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Recent studies have showed aberrant connectivity of cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit (CTCC) in schizophrenia (SCZ), which might be a heritable trait. However, these individual studies vary greatly in their methods and findings, and important areas within CTCC and related genetic mechanism are unclear. We searched for consistent regions of circuit dysfunction using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) meta-analysis, followed by meta-regression and functional annotation analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Relationship Between Reduced Hand Dexterity and Brain Structure Abnormality in Older Adults.
Geriatrics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Background: Hand dexterity is affected by normal aging and neuroinflammatory processes in the brain. Understanding the relationship between hand dexterity and brain structure in neurotypical older adults may be informative about prodromal pathological processes, thus providing an opportunity for earlier diagnosis and intervention to improve functional outcomes.
Methods: this study investigates the associations between hand dexterity and brain measures in neurotypical older adults (≥65 years) using the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
The primate putamen processes cognitive flexibility alongside the caudate and ventral striatum with similar speeds of updating values.
Prog Neurobiol
December 2024
School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University (SNU), Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
The putamen is thought to generate habitual actions by processing value information relayed from the ventral striatum through the caudate nucleus. However, it is a question what value the putamen neurons process and whether the putamen receives serially processed value through the striatal structures. We found that neurons in the primate putamen, caudate, and ventral striatum selectively encoded flexibly updated values for adaptive behaviors with similar learning speeds, rather than stably sustained values for habit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxytocin Reduces Methylphenidate-Induced Dorsal Striatal Dopamine Release in Male Rhesus Macaques.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Oxytocin is being studied as a potential treatment for psychostimulant use disorders, particularly its effects on dopamine signaling in the striatum, a brain region linked to natural rewards.
- In a study involving male rhesus macaques, oxytocin was administered both intranasally and intravenously before administering methylphenidate, a stimulant similar to cocaine, and the impacts on dopamine release were monitored.
- Results showed that oxytocin significantly decreased dopamine release in the dorsal striatum when stimulated by methylphenidate, suggesting oxytocin may be useful in treating addictions to psychostimulants.
Sex and estradiol effects in the rodent dorsal striatum.
Eur J Neurosci
December 2024
University of Iowa, USA.
17β-Estradiol (E2) is a sex hormone that acts on many brain regions to produce changes in neuronal activity and learning. A key brain region sensitive to E2 is the dorsal striatum (also called caudate-putamen), which controls motor behaviour, goal-directed learning and habit learning. In adult rodents, oestrogen receptors (ERs) in the dorsal striatum are localized to the plasma membrane and include ERα, ERβ and G protein-coupled ER (GPER).
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