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Attention-guided convolutional network for bias-mitigated and interpretable oral lesion classification.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Accurate diagnosis of oral lesions, early indicators of oral cancer, is a complex clinical challenge. Recent advances in deep learning have demonstrated potential in supporting clinical decisions. This paper introduces a deep learning model for classifying oral lesions, focusing on accuracy, interpretability, and reducing dataset bias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA microbiota-derived metabolite, 3-phenyllactic acid, prolongs healthspan by enhancing mitochondrial function and stress resilience via SKN-1/ATFS-1 in C. elegans.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
The mechanisms underlying the impact of probiotic supplementation on health remain largely elusive. While previous studies primarily focus on the discovery of novel bioactive bacteria and alterations in the microbiome environment to explain potential probiotic effects, our research delves into the role of living Lactiplantibacillus (formerly known as Lactobacillus) and their conditioned media, highlighting that only the former, not dead bacteria, enhance the healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWALINET: A water and lipid identification convolutional neural network for nuisance signal removal in MR spectroscopic imaging.
Magn Reson Med
December 2024
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Purpose: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ( -MRSI) provides noninvasive spectral-spatial mapping of metabolism. However, long-standing problems in whole-brain -MRSI are spectral overlap of metabolite peaks with large lipid signal from scalp, and overwhelming water signal that distorts spectra. Fast and effective methods are needed for high-resolution -MRSI to accurately remove lipid and water signals while preserving the metabolite signal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroblastoma Occurring in Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol
January 2025
Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade.
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease due to a pathogenic variant in the NBN gene causing impaired DNA repair and increased predisposition for lymphoid malignancy. By contrast, solid tumors have been rarely reported. Neuroblastoma (NB) is a rare childhood solid tumor, associated with the worse outcome if MYCN oncogene is amplified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis: recommendations of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Section of Polish Neurological Society.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland.
The treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has undergone significant changes since the first disease-modifying therapy (DMT) drug was introduced. Currently, 19 original DMT drugs are registered in the European Union. The choice of optimal therapy is becoming increasingly challenging in the absence of reliable biomarkers on the basis of which disease progression and prognosis can be determined.
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