Male carriers of BRCA mutations are at higher risk of developing prostate cancer. Many issues are still unanswered and are currently being studied, including differences between BRCA1 and BRCA2, screening and specific protocols, the role of active surveillance, and the choice of definitive treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2019.05.009 | DOI Listing |
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
November 2024
Institute for Global Health, UCL, London, UK.
Background: The risk of onwards HIV transmission is strongly influenced by the interval between HIV infection and its diagnosis. The SELPHI trial examined whether this interval could be reduced by offering free HIV self-testing kits to men-who-have-sex with-men (MSM).
Setting: Internet-based RCT of MSM aged ≥16 years, resident in England/Wales, recruited via sexual and social networking sites.
Rev Panam Salud Publica
January 2025
Centro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa Unidad de Salud Pública Veterinaria Organización Panamericana de la Salud Río de Janeiro Brasil Centro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa, Unidad de Salud Pública Veterinaria, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a serious public health problem in South America, one that the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has included in its Plan of Action for the Control of Neglected Infectious Diseases. A logical framework for CE control was defined: this includes establishing the objective to be achieved (eradication or elimination as a public health problem) and determining levels of endemicity which serve as a guide for establishing frequencies of intervention (high endemicity, endemic, and low endemicity, according to rates in the different hosts). There are two validated tools for CE control: systematic deworming of dogs using praziquantel (PZQ) and systematic vaccination of sheep with recombinant EG95 protein, or a combination of both tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDis Colon Rectum
November 2024
Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York.
Background: The watch-and-wait strategy provides an opportunity to pursue non-operative management in rectal cancer patients with clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. The management of those with near complete response remains controversial.
Objective: We assessed the oncologic outcomes of patients managed by watch-and-wait versus total mesorectal excision according to clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy.
Lancet Reg Health West Pac
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, PR China.
Background: As natural reservoirs of diverse pathogens, small mammals are considered a key interface for guarding public health due to their wide geographic distribution, high density and frequent interaction with humans.
Methods: All formally recorded natural occurrences of small mammals (Order: Rodentia, Eulipotyphla, Lagomorpha, and Scandentia) and their associated microbial infections in China were searched in the English and Chinese literature spanning from 1950 to 2021 and geolocated. Machine learning models were applied to determine ecological drivers for the distributions of 45 major small mammal species and two common rodent-borne diseases (RBDs), and model-predicted potential risk locations were mapped.
Oncol Lett
March 2025
Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Gansu Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China.
The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) remains controversial in the era of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PCI in the treatment of LS-SCLC in the era of MRI. The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched from the time of database creation until May 24, 2023, to identify clinical studies that evaluated the effectiveness of PCI in patients with LS-SCLC in the MRI era.
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