The PEST Model: A Quality Improvement Project to Reduce Self-extubation in the Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Self-extubation is an adverse patient event that can lead to severe complications. Gaps in clinical practice from the lack of nursing awareness and decision making capacity have often resulted in cases of preventable self-extubation. Review of current evidence suggests that initiatives to support nursing clinical decision making can help prevent adverse patient events such as self-extubation.

Aims: The aim of this study was to reduce the incidence of self-extubation by 50% in a cardiology intensive care unit over 1 year.

Methods: A quality improvement project was undertaken with a PEST model of nursing care introduced from January 2017 to December 2017 in the cardiology intensive care unit to guide nursing staff to assess and render appropriate interventions along patient domains such as pain, endotracheal tube securement, sedation, and tie to prevent incidences of self-extubation.

Results: Incidences of self-extubation have reduced to 5 cases in 2017, reflecting a 50% improvement from 10 cases in 2016.

Conclusions: Formalizing practice standards into an easy-to-remember mnemonics or framework can improve patient outcomes. Policy makers must be aware that initiatives to facilitate decision making can improve patient safety.