CD19CD24CD38 regulatory B cells (B) and CD19CD27 memory B cells (B) are B cell subsets with specific immunoregulatory properties. In this study, the balance of these subsets was investigated in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients, and the frequencies of B and B before and after first-line therapy were measured. Forty-nine pediatric ITP patients and 19 normal controls were enrolled in this study. The total CD19 B cells, B and B in the peripheral blood (PB) of all cases were measured by flow cytometry. We found higher frequencies of total CD19 B cells and B in newly diagnosed ITP patients than those in normal controls (< 0.01), whereas the frequencies of CD19CD24CD38 B was significantly lower in ITP patients (< 0.001). After therapy with MP + IVIG, the level of CD19CD24CD38 B and B were almost normalized. Our results indicated that pediatric ITP patients were characterized by a decline in CD19CD24CD38 Bregs and increment of CD19CD27Bmems, and an increase of total CD19 B cells in their peripheral blood.
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