Aims: PRRT2 variants are associated with various paroxysmal disorders. To date, more than 90 PRRT2 variants have been reported in PRRT2-related disorders. Lack of functional study in majority of missense variants makes their pathogenicity uncertain. We aim to evaluate the clinical significance of PRRT2 missense variants by performing in vitro experiments.
Methods: We systematically reviewed PRRT2-related disorders and summarized reported PRRT2 missense variants. Protein expression and subcellular localization of mutant PRRT2 were investigated in mammal cells. American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines were used to analyze the pathogenicity of PRRT2 missense variants.
Results: A total of 29 PRRT2 missense variants were identified in PRRT2-related disorders. Ten variants were observed to affect both subcellular localization and protein level, three variants only affect membrane localization, and two variants only affect protein level. According to ACMG guidelines, 15 variants were finally classified as "likely pathogenic", three as "benign", three as "likely benign", and eight as "uncertain significance" variants. The likely pathogenic variants were concentrated in the C-terminal of PRRT2.
Conclusions: The pathogenicity of eight uncertain significance variants needs further investigation. C-terminal of PRRT2 is crucial for its physiological function.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cns.13147 | DOI Listing |
Neurol Genet
October 2024
From the Epilepsy Research Centre (M.S.H., I.E.S.), Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg; Neuroscience Group (M.S.H., R.J.L., I.E.S.); Speech and Language (R.O.B., M.L., A.T.M.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville; Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology (R.O.B., M.L., A.T.M.), The University of Melbourne, Carlton; Population Health and Immunity Division (A.K., M.B.), The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research; Department of Medical Biology (A.K., M.B.), The University of Melbourne; Department of Paediatrics (R.J.L., I.E.S., D.J.A.), The University of Melbourne; Department of Neurology (M.S.H., R.J.L., I.E.S., D.J.A.), Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville; PURA Foundation Australia Ltd (M.A.), Plenty, Victoria; Hunter Genetics (H.G.), John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales; The Florey Institute (I.E.S.); Neurodisability and Rehabilitation Group (D.J.A.), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Institute of Structural Biology (R.J., D.N.), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Objectives: Purine-rich element-binding protein alpha (PURA) regulates gene expression and is ubiquitously expressed with an enrichment in neural tissues. Pathogenic variants in cause the neurodevelopmental disorder PURA syndrome that has a variable phenotype but typically comprises moderate-to-severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability, early-onset hypotonia and hypothermia, epilepsy, feeding difficulties, movement disorders, and subtle facial dysmorphism. Speech is reportedly absent in most, but the specific linguistic phenotype is not well described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComb Chem High Throughput Screen
June 2024
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
Background: Variants in the PRRT2 gene are associated with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and other episodic disorders. With the employment of variant screening in patients with episodic dyskinesia, many PRRT2 variants have been discovered. Bioinformatics tools are becoming increasingly important for predicting the functional significance of variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
July 2023
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, Genova 16132, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, Genova 16132, Italy. Electronic address:
PRRT2 is a neuronal protein that controls neuronal excitability and network stability by modulating voltage-gated Na channel (Nav). PRRT2 pathogenic variants cause pleiotropic syndromes including epilepsy, paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and episodic ataxia attributable to loss-of-function pathogenetic mechanism. Based on the evidence that the transmembrane domain of PRRT2 interacts with Nav1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Genet
October 2023
UnIGENe, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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