seed development under the effect of exogenous application of GA.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the impact of exogenous gibberellin on fleshy fruit formation, but the effect on dry fruits is not yet well known. To test the role of gibberellin (GA) in dry fruit formation, we analysed the impact of exogenous GA on the invasive plant Sosnowsky's hogweed ( Manden.) seed development and germination. Treatment of GA concentrations of 0.07 mM, 0.14 mM, 0.28 mM, 0.43 mM was applied to flowers at the early stage of development. Seeds were collected from treated satellite umbels. It was observed that GAtreatment did not have a significant effect on the size of seeds, but caused various changes in their shape. The data on semi-thin longitudinal sections of mericarps and SEM micrographs of embryos showed that the embryos in GA (0.43 mM) treated variants were at torpedo stage, while in control variants-mature embryos. The germination of seeds of each variant was estimated by burying them in the soil. Our studies indicated that GA application reduced the germination of seed from 98.0% (control) to 16.5% (GA concentration 0.43 mM). It was assumed that exogenous application of GA had influence on the development of dry Sosnowsky's hogweed seeds and could be used to inhibit the spread of this invasive plant.