Sodium Butyrate as a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Affects Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines.

We assessed the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) on Toll-like receptor 4 () gene expression levels, in low expressing (HCT116) and high expressing (SW480) colorectal cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect of SB was assessed by culturing SW480 and HCT116 cell lines using a broad spectrum of times and concentrations of SB. The MTT assay was done to check the cytotoxic properties of different SB concentrations. Gene expression levels of was then evaluated for non-cytotoxic SB concentrations. Morphological analysis and MTT assay confirmed that SB concentrations equal to or less than 5mM were not cytotoxic for both cell lines. At 5mM concentration of SB in SW480 cell line and 1mM concentration of SB in HCT116 cell line, gene expression level significantly increased from 24 to 48 hrs and decreased significantly from 48 to 72 hrs with an "early increased and late decreased pattern". At 1mM concentration of SB in SW480 cell line and 5mM concentration of SB in HCT116 cell line, expression had a "gradually increased pattern". This study focuses on the dose-time-effect of SB in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. SB alters the expression level of in colorectal cancer cells. This effect may depend on the cell type, treatment duration and SB concentration. The alterations in expression may be due to the direct effect of SB on and/or the expression changes of in other genes which may indirectly affect the expression. : TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; HDACi: histone deacetylase inhibitor; SB: sodium Butyrate; CRC: colorectal cancer; SCFA: short-chain fatty acid; hrs: hours.