Curvularia leaf spot (CuLS), caused by , is a devasting foliar disease in the maize-growing regions of China. Resistant varieties were widely planted in these regions in response to CuLS. However, over time, has gradually adapted to the selective pressure and, in recent years, the incidence of CuLS has increased. To assess the correlation between virulence and genetic diversity, a total of 111 isolates was collected from 15 maize-growing regions located in nine provinces in China. These isolates were evaluated for virulence on maize using nine differential hosts: Shen135, CN165, Mo17, Luyuan92, 78599, Ye478, B73, E28, and Huangzaosi. To evaluate the genetic diversity, 657 polymorphic amplified fragment length polymorphism markers were generated. Results showed that the isolates could be grouped into three pathotypes according to the phenotypic expression of the differential inbred lines. Isolates were clustered into two genetic diversity groups and further divided into subgroups. However, the correlation between virulence and genetic diversity grouping was low. Also, there was a low correlation observed between pathotype and geographic distribution. The ratio of mating type I to mating type II for all isolates was close to 3:4.
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