Bismuth-Based Photocatalysts for Solar Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Conversion.

Photocatalytic CO conversion into solar fuels is an effective means for simultaneously solving both the greenhouse effect and energy crisis. In the past ten years, bismuth-based photocatalysts for environmental remediation have experienced a golden period of development. However, solar photocatalytic CO conversion has only been developed over the past five years and, until now, no reviews have been published on bismuth-based photocatalysts for the photocatalytic conversion of CO . For the first time, solar photocatalytic CO conversion systems are reviewed herein. Synthetic methods and photocatalytic CO performances of bismuth-based photocatalysts, including Sillén-structured BiOX (X=Cl, Br, I); Aurivillius-structured Bi MO (M=Mo, W); and Scheelite-structured BiVO , Bi S , BiYO , and BiOIO , are summarized. In addition, activity-enhancing strategies for this photocatalyst family, including oxygen vacancies, bismuth-rich strategy, facet control, conventional type II heterojunction, Z-scheme heterojunction, and cocatalyst deposition, are reviewed. Finally, the main mechanistic research methods, such as in situ FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, are presented. Challenges and research trends reported in studies of bismuth-based photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO conversion are discussed and summarized.