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Relevance theory for mapping cognitive biases in fact-checking: an argumentative approach.
Front Psychol
December 2024
Department of Communication and Media, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
In the fast-paced, densely populated information landscape shaped by digitization, distinguishing information from misinformation is critical. Fact-checkers are effective in fighting fake news but face challenges such as cognitive overload and time pressure, which increase susceptibility to cognitive biases. Establishing standards to mitigate these biases can improve the quality of fact-checks, bolster audience trust, and protect against reputation attacks from disinformation actors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow beliefs and policy characteristics shape the public acceptability of nutritional policies-A survey study in Germany.
Health Policy
December 2024
Division of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health (CPD), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.
Background: Despite the high prevalence of obesity in Germany, few effective political measures have been implemented to protect population health and improve the sustainability of food systems. One argument frequently raised against policy implementation is the lack of acceptability for policy measures in the German population.
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the acceptability of policy measures currently discussed in Germany's national nutrition strategy and how perceived policy characteristics and participant characteristics influence policy acceptability.
Retailer Responses to Public Consultations on the Adoption of Takeaway Management Zones Around Schools: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis.
Int J Health Policy Manag
December 2024
MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Background: Takeaway food is often high in calories and served in portion sizes that exceed public health recommendations for fat, salt and sugar. This food is widely accessible in the neighbourhood food environment. As of 2019, of all local authorities in England (n=325), 41 had adopted urban planning interventions that can allow them to manage the opening of new takeaway outlets in "takeaway management zones around schools" (known elsewhere as "exclusion zones").
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDirect Evidence of Breakdown of Spin Statistics in Ion-Atom Charge Exchange Collisions.
Phys Rev Lett
October 2024
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Recent experimental studies have questioned the validity of spin statistics assumptions, particularly in charge exchange processes occurring in atomic MeV collisions. Here, we study spin-resolved single electron capture processes in collisions between C^{3+} ions and helium within an energy range of 1.25-400 keV/u.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of mechanical variables best describing bone remodelling responses based on their correlation with bone density.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
December 2024
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, QLD 4000, Australia. Electronic address:
Density distribution in bones can be estimated using bone remodelling models (BRM) and applying daily normal loads to assess the stress/strain state to which the bone is subjected. These models locally relate a certain mechanical stimulus, derived from the stress/strain state, directly to bone density or to its variation over time. The background of this idea is Frost's Mechanostat Theory, which states that overloading states tend to increase bone density and disuse states tend to decrease it.
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