Differences in classification for skin corrosion/irritation in EU and Ukraine: Case study of alternative (in vitro and in silico) methods application for classification of pesticide active ingredient imazamox.

In Ukraine Globally Harmonized System of classification of chemicals has not been implemented yet. In this article we analyze differences between GHS/CLP classification systems and Hygienic Classification of Pesticides by the Degree of Hazard currently in force in Ukraine in respect of approach and criteria for classification of effects on skin. As a case study, we conducted in silico modelling of herbicide imazamox using skin irritation/corrosion modules of ToxTree. The prediction of ToxTree was "Not Corrosive to skin". Then skin irritation and skin corrosion in vitro tests (OECD TGs 439, 431) were conducted. Classification of this substance based on in vitro and in vivo results according to GHS/CLP was the same, while it was not possible based on in vitro results to assign certain hazard class of Ukrainian classification due to difference in its and GHS/CLP criteria. However, ongoing process of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with EU will give opportunity not only use alternative methods, but also adopt most recent advances and incorporate data from non-animal methods directly into classification criteria.