For over a decade, the Medical Schools Outcomes Database and Longitudinal Tracking Project (MSOD) has collected data from medical students in Australia and New Zealand. This project aims to explore how individual student background or attributes might interact with curriculum or early postgraduate training to affect eventual career choice and location. In New Zealand, over 4,000 students have voluntarily provided information at various time points, and the project is at a stage where some firm conclusions are starting to be drawn. This paper presents the background to the project along with some early results and future directions.
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Front Artif Intell
December 2024
Computer Science and Software Engineering Department, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Introduction: Musical instrument recognition is a critical component of music information retrieval (MIR), aimed at identifying and classifying instruments from audio recordings. This task poses significant challenges due to the complexity and variability of musical signals.
Methods: In this study, we employed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to analyze the contributions of various spectrogram representations-STFT, Log-Mel, MFCC, Chroma, Spectral Contrast, and Tonnetz-to the classification of ten different musical instruments.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
The relative accessibility and simplicity of vestibular sensing and vestibular-driven control of head and eye movements has made the vestibular system an attractive subject to experimenters and theoreticians interested in developing realistic quantitative models of how brains gather and interpret sense data and use it to guide behavior. Head stabilization and eye counter-rotation driven by vestibular sensory input in response to rotational perturbations represent natural, ecologically important behaviors that can be reproduced in the laboratory and analyzed using relatively simple mathematical models. Models drawn from dynamical systems and control theory have previously been used to analyze the behavior of vestibular sensory neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
December 2024
Department of Plant Protection, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro.
This collaborative work by over 180 researchers from 40+ countries addresses the challenges posed by "phantom agents"-putative pathogenic agents named in literature without supporting data on their existence. Those agents remain on regulatory lists, creating barriers in trade and plant certification. Historically identified based solely on symptoms, these agents lack isolates or sequence data, making reliable detection or risk assessment impossible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
December 2024
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States. Electronic address:
Military bases and airports are often contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the repeated use of aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) from decades of training exercises, equipment testing, and extinguishing of fuel- and solvent-based fires. Pump-and-treat systems combined with sorption processes are common ex situ remediation strategies; however, they can be expensive and may require decades of operation, particularly at sites where long-term diffusion and desorption of contaminants are the primary release processes. Alternatively, in situ chemical oxidation is an effective remediation strategy in which oxidants (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
December 2024
Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy(2).
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