AI Article Synopsis

  • Planktonic microbial communities are crucial for aquatic ecosystems, aiding in nutrient control and degradation of contaminants, but climate change and pollution can disrupt their balance, potentially increasing pathogens and toxins.* -
  • Monitoring these communities effectively is vital for understanding their responses to environmental changes, yet traditional sampling methods can be expensive and time-consuming, limiting data collection.* -
  • The developed in situ autonomous biosampler (IS-ABS) allows for efficient, automatic collection of microbial samples at depths of up to 150 m, providing a promising alternative to conventional methods in assessing microbial diversity and health in aquatic environments.*

Article Abstract

The importance of planktonic microbial communities is well acknowledged, since they are fundamental for several natural processes of aquatic ecosystems. Microorganisms naturally control the flux of nutrients, and also degrade and recycle anthropogenic organic and inorganic contaminants. Nevertheless, climate change effects and/or the runoff of nutrients/pollutants can affect the equilibrium of natural microbial communities influencing the occurrence of microbial pathogens and/or microbial toxin producers, which can compromise ecosystem environmental status. Therefore, improved microbial plankton monitoring is essential to better understand how these communities respond to environmental shifts. The study of marine microbial communities typically involves highly cost and time-consuming sampling procedures, which can limit the frequency of sampling and data availability. In this context, we developed and validated an in situ autonomous biosampler (IS-ABS) able to collect/concentrate in situ planktonic communities of different size fractions (targeting prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes) for posterior genomic, metagenomic, and/or transcriptomic analysis at a home laboratory. The IS-ABS field prototype is a small size and compact system able to operate up to 150 m depth. Water is pumped by a micropump (TCS MG2000) through a hydraulic circuit that allows in situ filtration of environmental water in one or more Sterivex filters placed in a filter cartridge. The IS-ABS also includes an application to program sampling definitions, allowing pre-setting configuration of the sampling. The efficiency of the IS-ABS was tested against traditional laboratory filtration standardized protocols. Results showed a good performance in terms of DNA recovery, as well as prokaryotic (16S rDNA) and eukaryotic (18S rDNA) community diversity analysis, using either methodologies. The IS-ABS automates the process of collecting environmental DNA, and is suitable for integration in water observation systems, what will contribute to substantially increase biological surveillances. Also, the use of highly sensitive genomic approaches allows a further study of the diversity and functions of whole or specific microbial communities.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6519839PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0216882PLOS

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