Self-Reported Exposure to ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke), Urinary Cotinine, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Pregnant Women-The Pilot Study.

Background: Exposure to ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) is one of the most toxic environmental exposures.

Objective: To investigate the association of ETS with physiological, biochemical, and psychological indicators, as well as with urine antioxidant capacity (AC) and oxidative damage to lipids in a pilot sample of healthy pregnant women.

Methods: Exposure to ETS was investigated via a validated questionnaire, and urine cotinine and the marker of oxidative damage to lipids via 8-isoprostane concentrations using an ELISA kit. Urine AC was determined by the spectrophotometric Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method. From a sample of pregnant women ( = 319, average age 30.84 ± 5.09 years) in 80, the levels of cotinine and oxidative stress markers were analyzed.

Results: Among the 80 pregnant women, 5% (7.4% confirmed by cotinine) reported being current smokers and 25% reported passive smoking in the household (18.8% confirmed by cotinine). The Kappa was 0.78 for smokers and 0.22 for ETS-exposed nonsmokers. Pregnant women in the ETS-exposed group had significantly reduced AC compared to both the nonsmoker (ETS-) and the smoker groups ( < 0.05). Nonsmokers had significantly lower levels of 8-isoprostane than smokers ( < 0.01) and ETS-exposed nonsmokers ( < 0.05). Correlations between urine levels of cotinine and AC were positive in ETS-exposed nonsmokers.

Conclusion: A harmful association of active and passive smoking and oxidative stress parameters among pregnant women has been indicated.