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A Low-Glycemic, Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Modification Program with Targeted Nutraceuticals Reduces Body Weight, Improves Cardiometabolic Variables and Longevity Biomarkers in Overweight Subjects: A 13-Week Observational Trial. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are significant health issues associated with high body mass index, and this study aimed to test a calorie-restricted Mediterranean diet supplemented with targeted dietary components on overweight individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • The study involved 50 subjects who followed the modified diet (PROG2) for 13 weeks, showing high compliance (86%) and resulting in significant reductions in body weight (12%), body fat (18%), and waist circumference (8.8%), alongside improved lipid profiles and decreased inflammation markers.
  • Notably, PROG2 led to a 50% reduction in subjects meeting cardiometabolic syndrome criteria and a 38% decrease in 10-year cardiovascular risk, further supporting the diet

Article Abstract

Among the comorbidities of high body mass index, cardiovascular disease continued to be the leading cause of death and disability globally in 2015, while type 2 diabetes remained second. The primary objectives of this observational study were to confirm the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of our calorie-restricted Mediterranean diet with targeted dietary supplementation (PROG1) using globally recognized dietary supplementation. Fifty healthy overweight and obese subjects with cardiometabolic risk factors were assigned a modified Mediterranean diet, including protein shakes and targeted supplementation (PROG2), providing ∼68-76% of subject estimated calorie requirements. Salivary nitrite was assessed weekly and key cardiometabolic metrics were recorded at baseline and weeks 9 and 13. PROG2 was well tolerated with 86% compliance. The most common adverse effects were bloating, flatulence, and constipation, which were self-limiting. Subjects exhibited decreases ( < .01) from baseline of 12% in body weight, 18% in body fat, and 8.8% in waist circumference. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) were reduced ( < .01), respectively, 19%, 22%, and 40%. Lipid ratios of TC/high-density lipoprotein (HDL), TG/HDL, and oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/HDL were decreased 15% ( < .01), 35% ( < .01), and 13% ( < .05), respectively. Inflammation biomarkers, oxLDL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, were reduced 17% ( < .01) and 30% ( < .05), respectively. Reductions of 9.0% for systolic ( < .01) and 12% ( < .01) for diastolic blood pressure were noted. In concert, the nitrogen dioxide salivary biomarker for nitric oxide was increased relative to baseline. PROG2 produced a dramatic 50% reduction in subjects meeting cardiometabolic syndrome criteria and a 38% decrease in Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risk. These results confirmed our previous findings that the addition of targeted nutraceutical supplementation to a calorie-restricted Mediterranean diet with lifestyle modifications improves multiple longevity risk factors more effectively than diet and lifestyle modification alone.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2018.0063DOI Listing

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