Department of Applied Chemistry, IIT(ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad 826004, India.
Published: May 2019
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
The carbonyl moiety is one of the indispensable sub-units in organic synthesis with significant applications in medicinal as well as materials chemistry. Hence the insertion of a carbonyl group via simple and highly efficient routes has been one of the most challenging tasks for organic chemists. Though the direct utilisation of CO gas in carbonylation is the fundamental procedure for the construction of carbonyl compounds, it has certain drawbacks due to its toxic and explosive nature. As a result, the need for cheap and efficient CO surrogates has gained much attention nowadays by which CO gas can be easily generated in situ or ex situ. In this review we discuss the advantages of chloroform as CO surrogate and have surveyed recent carbonylation reactions where chloroform has been used as CO source.
Aminocarbonylation reactions play a critical role in the synthesis of amides. Traditional aminocarbonylation processes often rely on carbon monoxide (CO) gas, a highly toxic and challenging reagent to handle. Recent advancements in CO surrogates address these challenges.
has piqued the interest of many researchers in recent years, mostly for its essential oil, but increasingly for its polyphenolic content as well. In the current study, we examine the polyphenolic composition of grown in Bulgaria. The polyphenolic complex was fractionated with solvents of various polarities, including hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol, in order to assess the biological impact of the components.
Herein, we report a heterobimetallic Pd-Sn catalyst for the carbonylative Suzuki coupling, aminocarbonylation reaction, and carbonylative Sonogashira coupling of aryl halides with boronic acids, amines, and aromatic alkynes leading to a three-component coupling reaction using generated carbon monoxide. Under the optimized reaction conditions, a variety of bisaryl ketones, amides, and aromatic ynones have been synthesized in moderate to good yields in a one-pot fashion. The reported catalyst has wide reaction scope with good functional group tolerance.
We describe the first-time use of a palladium-di(1-adamantyl)--butylphosphine catalytic system for the synthesis of alk-2-ynamides from terminal alkynes via aminocarbonylation reaction. This method avoids the direct use of toxic CO gas by utilizing chloroform as an in situ CO source. The aminocarbonylation of both aromatic and aliphatic electron-rich alkyne nucleophiles is reported for the first time.
The carbonyl group forms an integral part of several drug molecules and materials; hence, synthesis of carbonylated compounds remains an intriguing area of research for synthetic and medicinal chemists. Handling toxic CO gas has several limitations; thus, using safe and effective techniques for or generation of carbon monoxide from nontoxic and cheap precursors is highly desirable. Among several precursors that have been explored for the generation of CO gas, chloroform can prove to be a promising CO surrogate due to its cost-effectiveness and ready availability.
