Background: Color polymorphism, a high-valued trait, is frequently observed in molluscan shellfish. The QN Orange scallop, a new scallop strain successively selected from the interspecific hybrids of the bay scallop (Argopecten irradians irradians) and the Peruvian scallop (Argopecten purpuratus), is distinguished from other scallops by its orange adductor muscles. In this study, to reveal the mechanisms of the formation of adductor muscle coloration in the QN Orange scallops, we compared the proteome and transcriptome of orange adductor muscles of the QN Orange and those of white adductor muscles of the Bohai Red scallop, another strain selected from the interspecific hybrids of the bay scallop and the Peruvian scallop.
Results: Transcriptomic analysis revealed 416 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between white and orange adductor muscles, among which 216 were upregulated and 200 were downregulated. Seventy-four differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 36 upregulated and 38 downregulated proteins, were identified through label-free proteomics. Among the identified DEGs and DEPs, genes related to carotenoids biosynthesis including apolipophorin, and Cytochrome P450 and those related to melanin biosynthesis including tyrosinase and Ras-related protein Rab-11A were found to express at higher levels in orange adductor muscles. The high expression levels of VPS (vacuolar protein sorting) and TIF (translation initiation factor) in orange adductor muscle tissues indicated that carotenoid accumulation may be affected by proteins outside of the carotenoid pathway.
Conclusions: Our results implied that the coloration of orange adductor muscles in the QN Orange scallops may be controlled by genes modulating accumulation of carotenoids and melanins. This study may provide valuable information for understanding the mechanisms and pathways underlying adductor muscle coloration in molluscan shellfish.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-5717-y | DOI Listing |
Microsc Res Tech
December 2024
Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
The Y-organs (YOs) synthesize and secrete molting hormones, and thus regulate crustacean growth and reproduction. However, the YOs of the orange mud crab Scylla olivacea is yet to be described due to its minute size and ambiguous feature. This study describes the location, morphological characteristics, histology, and the changes of YOs at different molt stages, and examines in vitro ecdysteroid secreted by the YOs of S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Org Biol
September 2023
Department of Biological Science (MH-282), California State University, Fullerton, 800 N State College Blvd, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA.
Figures: Cory cat panel figureDrawing of bite force measuring equipment and indentation rig jaw muscle morphology and skull anatomyBox plot grid of number of bites before puncture along different body regions of during feeding trials resultsDrawing of color-coded with attack frequencies and average bites until puncture by Box plot of average voluntary juvenile bite forces to standard lengthPanel of linear ordinary least-squares regressions of bite force to adductor mandibulae mass, standard length, and body massOrdinary least-squares regressions of voluntary bites to restrained bites of Panel of indentation tests for intact and removed scutesPanel of indentation tests for body region.
Synopsis: There is an evolutionary arms race between predators and prey. In aquatic environments, predatory fishes often use sharp teeth, powerful bites, and/or streamlined bodies to help capture their prey quickly and efficiently.
Background: Opioid misuse and addiction among children and adolescents is an increasingly concerning problem. This study sought to determine whether liposomal bupivacaine injectable suspension admixture administered as a single-shot adductor canal peripheral nerve block (SPNB+BL) would decrease utilization of at-home opioid analgesics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in adolescents compared with single-shot peripheral nerve block with bupivacaine (SPNB+B) alone.
Methods: Consecutive ACLR patients with or without meniscal surgery by a single surgeon were enrolled.
Arthrosc Tech
December 2022
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, New Jersey, U.S.A.
Groin pain is a common complaint in sports medicine practices but can be a challenge to accurately diagnose given the expanse of differentials. In the athlete, groin pain may be caused by a core muscle injury, also known as sports hernia or athletic pubalgia. These injuries most frequently occur in young males who participate in explosive and rotationally demanding activities such as soccer, football, and ice hockey, which generate large forces across the trunk and hip joint.
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