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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained increased attention as alternative reaction media for biocatalysis in recent years. There are many investigations on biotransformations in a variety of DESs, but the purification of bioproducts from DES reaction mixtures has not yet been sufficiently addressed. The present study demonstrates a product recovery strategy from a DES reaction medium composed of (-)-menthol and dodecanoic acid. Since the DES is not formed by equimolar amounts of the substrates, but the eutectic point occurs at a 3:1 molar ratio, product isolation is an important task for effective biocatalytic process development, even if the limiting substrate is converted completely. Both DES compounds acted as substrates and reaction solvent in the lipase-catalyzed esterification to synthesize (-)-menthyl dodecanoate. The product (-)-menthyl dodecanoate ester was separated from the DES reaction mixture by a vacuum distillation step and a second esterification reaction can be performed with the recovered (-)-menthol.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00449-019-02125-6 | DOI Listing |
Beilstein J Org Chem
December 2024
Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7504), F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
The high potential of non-covalent arene-fluoroarene intermolecular interactions in the design of liquid crystals lies in their ability to strongly promote self-assembly, improve the order and stability of the supramolecular mesophases, and enable tuneability of the optical and electronic properties, which can potentially be exploited for advanced applications in display technologies, photonic devices, sensors, and organic electronics. We recently successfully reported the straightforward synthesis of several mesogens containing four lateral aliphatic chains and derived from the classical triphenylene core self-assembling in columnar mesophases based on this paradigm. These mesogenic compounds were simply obtained in good yields by the nucleophilic substitution (SFAr) of various types of commercially available fluoroarenes with the electrophilic organolithium derivatives 2,2'-dilithio-4,4',5,5'-tetraalkoxy-1,1'-biphenyl (2Li- ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Des Devel Ther
December 2024
Anesthesia Surgical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal dexmedetomidine (Dex), oral lorazepam, and a placebo in managing preoperative anxiety-related insomnia.
Patients And Methods: A total of 90 patients exhibiting symptoms of preoperative anxiety and insomnia were randomly assigned to three groups: Dex (receiving 2.5 µg/kg Dex intranasally and starch tablets orally), lorazepam (receiving saline intranasally and 2 mg lorazepam orally), and placebo (receiving saline intranasally and starch tablets orally).
Small
December 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO) reduction from aqueous solutions offers a promising strategy to overcome flooding and salt precipitation in gas diffusion electrodes used in gas-phase CO electrolysis. However, liquid-phase CO electrolysis often exhibits low CO reduction rates because of limited CO availability. Here, a macroporous Ag mesh is employed and activated to achieve selective CO conversion to CO with high rates from an aqueous bicarbonate solution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Malaysia. Electronic address:
The development of eco-friendly wood adhesives have gained more interest among adhesives industries due to the concerns about using carcinogenic formaldehyde and petroleum-based phenol in commercially available adhesives. Therefore, many studies have been done by using lignin to partially replace phenol and completely substitute formaldehyde with non-toxic glyoxal in a wood adhesive formulation. This study focused on using different percentages of lignin substitution (10 %, 30 % and 50 wt%) of alkaline and organosolv coconut husk lignin into soda lignin-phenol-glyoxal (SLPG), Kraft lignin-phenol-glyoxal (KLPG) and organosolv lignin-phenol-glyoxal (OLPG) adhesives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
December 2024
Département des sciences de la Terre et de l'atmosphère, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada; Geotop Research Centre, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada. Electronic address:
Many processes can contribute to the attenuation of the frequently detected and toxic herbicides atrazine and metolachlor in surface water, including photodegradation. Multi-element compound-specific isotope analysis has the potential to decipher between these different degradation pathways as Cl is a promising tool for both pathway identification and a sensitive indicator of degradation for both atrazine and metolachlor. In this study, photodegradation experiments of atrazine and metolachlor were conducted under simulated sunlight in buffered solutions (direct photodegradation) and with nitrate (indirect photodegradation by OH radicals) to determine kinetics, transformation products and isotope fractionation for C, N and for the first time Cl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!