Tuberculosis has risen to worldwide attention due to its widespread diffusion and overall impact on health and life expectancy. Despite being historically neglected, children require a different approach and management from adults. From the treatment of drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis to extensively drug-resistant strains, and extrapulmonary disease, therapies in children require revision and a more children-oriented approach. We therefore exposed the main critical points and differences between treatment in adults and children and the possible consequences on outcome, safety and tolerability.
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