State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
Published: July 2019
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Nanostructured silicon-based materials with porous structures have recently been found to be impressive anode materials with high capacity and cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries. However, the current methods of preparing porous silicon have generally been confronted with the requirement for multiple steps and complex synthesis. In the present study, porous silicon with high surface area was prepared by using a high yielding and simple reaction in which commercial magnesium powder readily reacts with HSiCl with the help of an amine catalyst under mild conditions. The obtained porous silicon was coated with a nitrogen-doped carbon layer and used as the anode for lithium-ion batteries. The porous Si-carbon nanocomposites exhibited excellent cycling performance with a retained discharge capacity of 1300 mA h g after 200 cycles at 1 A g and a discharge capacity of 750 mA h g at a current density of 2 A g after 250 cycles. Remarkably, the Coulombic efficiency was maintained at nearly 100 % throughout the measurements.
A stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is of great importance for battery electrodes in terms of cycling as well as for its shelf life. While SEI formation on silicon anodes is generally only studied after the first charge and discharge of cells and initial reaction of electrolyte, we show the formation of a liquid/solid SEI in symmetric cells with silicon electrodes in contact with carbonate and glyme-based electrolytes under close to open circuit conditions and its behavior during long-term ageing. Activation energies of SEIs were measured via temperature-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to study the contribution of liquid/solid phases to ion transport.
This study investigates the use of photoluminescent amphiphilic porous silicon nanoparticles (αϕ-pSiNPs) as effective ultrasound (US) amplifiers for cancer sonodynamic theranostics. αϕ-pSiNPs were synthesized via a novel top-down approach involving porous silicon (pSi) films electrochemical etching, borate oxidation, and hydrophobic coating with octadecylsilane (C18), resulting in milling into nanoparticles with hydrophilic exteriors and hydrophobic interiors. These properties promote gas trapping and cavitation nucleation, significantly lowering the US cavitation threshold and resulting in selective destruction of cancer cells in the presence of nanoparticles.
Aluminum is one of the most in-demand nonferrous metals in the world. The secondary aluminum dross (SAD) produced during aluminum smelting is a type of solid waste that urgently requires disposal. SAD, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and bottom slag were used as raw materials to prepare porous ceramsite in a laboratory in this study.
Nanotechnology has significantly advanced various fields, including therapeutic delivery, through the use of nanomaterials as drug carriers. The biocompatibility of ordered porous silica materials makes them promising candidates for drug delivery systems, particularly in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This review summarizes the use of microporous zeolites and mesoporous silica materials in drug delivery, focusing on their physicochemical properties and applications as drug carriers.
