Background: Intrusive memories have typically been associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but some studies have suggested they can also occur in depression-alone.
Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of intrusive memories in adult depression and to explore methodological and other factors that may moderate this prevalence.
Method: The databases PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MedLine, PubMed, CINAHL and Embase were searched for relevant articles, published up to and including July 2016. Studies measuring point prevalence of intrusive memories in adults aged 18 years or above with depression were included and assessed for quality. Meta-analysis was completed under a random effects model.
Results: Seven studies measuring point prevalence of intrusive memories in adult depression were included. The overall pooled prevalence estimate calculated was 76.0% (95% CI 59.4-89.4%), reducing to 66.0% (95% CI 51.0-79.5%) when restricted to intrusive memories experienced within the week prior to assessment. Heterogeneity was high. Between-groups analyses indicated that adults with depression are as likely to experience intrusive memories as adults with PTSD, and more likely to experience intrusive memories than healthy controls (risk ratio of 2.94, 95% CI 1.53-5.67).
Limitations: The strength of conclusions is limited by the small number of studies included. Consideration of the relationship between depression, intrusive memories and trauma exposure is required.
Conclusions: Intrusive memories are experienced by a large majority of adults with depression and may therefore be an important target for cognitive intervention. Larger scale measurement of clinical outcome is needed with identification of individual factors predicting treatment response.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.055 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Clinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Inserm, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, LiCEND & DistALZ, Lille, France.
Background: Over the past years, social cognition has been envisaged as a promising domain to distinguish behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration (bvFTD) from its main differential diagnoses that is primary psychiatric disorders (PPD). The core-processes approach, which has emphasized the importance of emotion recognition and mentalizing, has been particularly useful to better characterize each condition and enhance the earliness of FTD's diagnosis. However, new findings evidencing conflicting results regarding the ability of social cognition to distinguish bvFTD from PPD have underlined the importance of moving beyond the core processes approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (e.g., beta-amyloid plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles) accumulates before the emergence of cognitive deficits that lead to a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMemory control deficits in the sleep-deprived human brain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
Sleep disturbances are associated with intrusive memories, but the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning this relationship are poorly understood. Here, we show that sleep deprivation disrupts prefrontal inhibition of memory retrieval, and that the overnight restoration of this inhibitory mechanism is associated with time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The functional impairments arising from sleep deprivation are linked to a behavioral deficit in the ability to downregulate unwanted memories, and coincide with a deterioration of deliberate patterns of self-generated thought.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep brain stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle promotes the extinction of active avoidance and is associated with mossy fibber sprouting in the hippocampus.
Behav Brain Res
December 2024
Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain. Electronic address:
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) causes intrusive symptoms and avoidance behaviours due to dysregulation in various brain regions, including the hippocampus. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) shows promise for refractory PTSD cases. In rodents, DBS improves fear extinction and reduces anxiety-like behaviours, but its effects on active-avoidance extinction remain unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconsidering thought suppression and ironic processing: implications for clinical treatment of traumatic memories.
Front Psychol
December 2024
War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!