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METTL14 is essential for β-cell survival and insulin secretion. | LitMetric

METTL14 is essential for β-cell survival and insulin secretion.

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis

Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Electronic address:

Published: September 2019

AI Article Synopsis

  • Defects in β-cell mass development can lead to diabetes, and mRNA modifications via N-methyladenosine (mA) influence β-cell function and survival.
  • Research using Mettl14-deficient mice showed glucose intolerance, reduced insulin secretion, and increased β-cell death, indicating that Mettl14 is crucial for β-cell health.
  • High-fat diet experiments revealed that Mettl14 deficiency also affects body weight, adipose tissue levels, and liver functions, highlighting its importance in metabolic regulation.

Article Abstract

Defects in the development, maintenance or expansion of β-cell mass can result in impaired glucose metabolism and diabetes. N-methyladenosine affects mRNA stability and translation efficiency, and impacts cell differentiation and stress response. To determine if there is a role for mA in β-cells, we investigated the effect of Mettl14, a key component of the mA methyltransferase complex, on β-cell survival and function using rat insulin-2 promoter-Cre-mediated deletion of Mettl14 mouse line (βKO). We found that βKO mice with normal chow exhibited glucose intolerance, lower levels of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, increased β-cell death and decreased β-cell mass. In addition, HFD-fed βKO mice developed glucose intolerance, decreased β-cell mass and proliferation, exhibited lower body weight, increased adipose tissue mass, and enhanced insulin sensitivity due to enhanced AKT signaling and decreased gluconeogenesis in the liver. HFD-fed βKO mice also showed a decrease in de novo lipogenesis, and an increase in lipolysis in the liver. RNA sequencing in islets revealed that Mettl14 deficiency in β-cells altered mRNA expression levels of some genes related to cell death and inflammation. Together, we showed that Mettl14 in β-cells plays a key role in β-cell survival, insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.011DOI Listing

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