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Cell-type-specific activation of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing neurons in the external globus pallidus (GPe) through optogenetics has shown promise in facilitating long-lasting movement dysfunction recovery in mice with Parkinson's disease. However, its translational potential is hindered by adverse effects stemming from the invasive implantation of optical fibers into the brain. In this study, we have developed a non-invasive optogenetics approach, utilizing focused ultrasound-triggered mechanoluminescent nanotransducers to enable remote photon delivery deep in the brain for genetically targeted neuromodulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and highly malignant form of adult brain cancer characterized by poor overall survival rates. Effective therapeutic modalities remain limited, necessitating the search for novel treatments. Neurodevelopmental pathways have been implicated in glioma formation, with key neurodevelopmental regulators being re- expressed or co-opted during glioma tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The use of microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) for imaging biological samples has burgeoned in the past decade, due to increased access to scanning platforms, ease of operation, isotropic three-dimensional image information, and the ability to derive accurate quantitative data. However, manual data analysis of Micro-CT images can be laborious and time intensive. Deep learning offers the ability to streamline this process, but historically has included caveats-namely, the need for a large amount of training data, which is often limited in many Micro-CT studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals capable of complex behaviors tend to have more distinct brain areas than simpler organisms, and artificial networks that perform many tasks tend to self-organize into modules (1-3). This suggests that different brain areas serve distinct functions supporting complex behavior. However, a common observation is that essentially anything that an animal senses, knows, or does can be decoded from neural activity in any brain area (4-6).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurotropic viruses are a major public health concern as they can cause encephalitis and other severe brain diseases. Many of these viruses, including flaviviruses, herpesviruses, rhabdoviruses and alphaviruses enter the brain through the olfactory neuroepithelium (ONE) in the olfactory bulbs (OB). Due to the low percentage of encephalitis that occurs following these infections, it's thought that the OBs have specialized innate immune responses to eliminate viruses.
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