Objective: To examine the outcome of pregnancy with fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) below the fifth percentile based on routine second- or third-trimester ultrasonography.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 12 344 women according to TCD Z scores based on systematic second- or third-trimester ultrasound examination between 2007 and 2015. Information on major malformations, chromosomal anomalies, intrauterine or neonatal demise, and other abnormal findings were collected.
Results: In total, 408 fetuses with small prenatal TCD underwent clinical investigation; 160 major malformations were noted, consisting mainly of neurological or cardiac anomalies (39,2%%). Chromosomal anomalies were reported in 39 (9.5%) and intrauterine or neonatal demise in 41 cases (10%). Major malformations and chromosomal anomalies were found in 46.4% and 10% of fetuses with extremely small TCD (Z score < -2.5), respectively, 31.3% and 12.7% of fetuses with small TCD (Z score between -2.0 and -1.645), and 39.6 % and 7.7% of fetuses with subnormal TCD (Z score between -2.0 and -1.645). Intrauterine or neonatal demise was noted in 22%, 8.8%, and 4.8% of fetuses with extremely small, small, and subnormal TCD, respectively (P < .05). Among intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses, fetal demise or neonatal adverse outcome was reported in 75%, 81.8%, and 18.5%, respectively. Of all the fetuses, 2.2% were lost to follow-up.
Conclusion: A small cerebellar diameter below the fifth percentile is a relevant marker to detect associated anomalies during routine ultrasound examination in the second or third trimester. This is related to a high rate of fetal malformations, chromosomal anomalies, and genetic disorders, regardless of the severity of the cerebellar small size. Small TCD seems to be a prognostic factor for fetal growth restriction. Therefore, when facing a TCD below the fifth percentile, patients should be referred for further sonography and fetal karyotyping.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pd.5465 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital (Huzhong Hospital) of Huadu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Studies investigating the relationship between exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy and foetal growth restriction (FGR) in women who conceive by in vitro fertilisation (IVF) are lacking. The objective was to investigate the effect of air pollutant exposure in pregnancy on FGR in pregnant women who conceive by IVF. We included pregnant women who conceived by IVF and delivered healthy singleton babies in Guangzhou from October 2018 to September 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
January 2025
Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Division of Fetal Medicine and Ultrasound, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health.
Objective: Low placentation is associated with increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). There is a paucity of data on the association between second trimester low placentation that later resolves, and PPH. Our objective was to investigate the association of resolved low placentation and other prenatal ultrasound markers, and PPH with delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
January 2025
Hochschule für Gesundheitsfachberufe in Eberswalde, Schicklerstraße 20, 16225, Eberswalde, Germany.
The benefits and risks of delivery should always be considered before initiating preinduction cervical ripening and labor induction. Understanding the benefits and potential complications is crucial for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions and provide optimal care. The research was conducted retrospectively between January 2019 and July 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Obstet Gynaecol Res
February 2025
Sleep Center, Kuwamizu Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
Background: Pregnancy-related anatomic, physiologic, and hormonal factors can occur at different stages of pregnancy and affect sleep disturbances. The relationship between sleep problems during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms as well as neonatal condition at delivery have not been well described. This study hypothesized that sleep problems are associated with postpartum depressive symptoms and adverse neonatal outcomes at delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, NUTRIM School for Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Prenatal exposure to air pollution has been linked to lower birth weight, yet the role of the placenta in this association is often overlooked. This study investigates whether placental characteristics act as moderators or mediators in the association between prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) and birth weight in twins. The study included 3340 twins (born 2002-2013) from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey.
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