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Enhancing Interpretable, Transparent, and Unobtrusive Detection of Acute Marijuana Intoxication in Natural Environments: Harnessing Smart Devices and Explainable AI to Empower Just-In-Time Adaptive Interventions: Longitudinal Observational Study.
JMIR AI
January 2025
Human-Computer Interaction and Human-Centered AI Systems Lab, AI for Healthcare Lab, Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering and Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, United States.
Background: Acute marijuana intoxication can impair motor skills and cognitive functions such as attention and information processing. However, traditional tests, like blood, urine, and saliva, fail to accurately detect acute marijuana intoxication in real time.
Objective: This study aims to explore whether integrating smartphone-based sensors with readily accessible wearable activity trackers, like Fitbit, can enhance the detection of acute marijuana intoxication in naturalistic settings.
Modifies Chronic Airway Infection Risk in Cystic Fibrosis.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
January 2025
University of Washington, Genomic Sciences, Seattle, Washington, United States.
Rationale: Chronic () airway infection is common and a key contributor to diminished lung function and early mortality in persons with cystic fibrosis (PwCF). Risk factors for chronic among PwCF include cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator genotype, genetic modifiers, and environmental factors. Intensive antibiotic therapy and highly effective modulators do not eradicate in most adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterrogation of Enantioselectivity in the Photomediated Ring Contractions of Saturated Heterocycles.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
We recently reported a chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyzed enantioselective photomediated ring contraction of piperidines and other saturated heterocycles. By extruding a single heteroatom from a ring, this transformation builds desirable C(sp)-C(sp) bonds in the ring contracted products; however, the origins of enantioselectivity remain poorly understood. In this work, enantioselectivity of the ring contraction has been explored across an expanded structurally diverse substrate scope, revealing a wide range of enantioselectivities (0-99%) using two distinct CPA catalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs There an Association Between Postoperative Internal Rotation and Patient-reported Outcomes After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty?
Clin Orthop Relat Res
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Background: Deficient internal rotation after shoulder arthroplasty can inhibit specific essential activities of daily living that require behind-the-back arm positioning. Although postoperative internal rotation deficits occur, their impact on outcomes of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is not well established. Previous authors have validated the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) as a patient-reported assessment of acceptable outcomes of TSA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDropping the baton: Cognitive biases in emergency physicians.
PLoS One
January 2025
Academic Medicine Education Institute, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Introduction: Clinical medicine is becoming more complex and increasingly requires a team-based approach to deliver healthcare needs. This dispersion of cognitive reasoning across individuals, teams and systems (termed "distributed cognition") means that our understanding of cognitive biases and errors must expand beyond traditional "in-the-head" individual mental models and focus on a broader "out-in-the-world" context instead. To our knowledge, no qualitative studies thus far have examined cognitive biases in clinical settings from a team-based sociocultural perspective.
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