AI Article Synopsis

  • * A study involving 86 hemodialysis patients assessed the impact of early detection of significant stenosis on thrombosis rates and graft longevity, using various screening methods and monitoring protocols.
  • * Results indicated a 57.4% incidence of significant stenosis and a 39% rate of thrombosis; the best predictor of stenosis was intra-access venous pressure, and overall, initiatives to monitor and correct issues early improved graft patency and reduced thrombosis rates.

Article Abstract

Introduction: Graft is an alternative to native arteriovenous fistula to ensure permanent vascular access in hemodialysis patients. The most common complication is significant stenosis, which frequently causes thrombosis and graft loss. Periodic monitoring and surveillance with elective correction of stenotic lesions can prolong graft survival.

Objective: To describe the effect of early diagnosis of significant stenosis on the rate of thrombosis and graft patency.

Methods: Retrospective, observational study of a cohort of 86 prevalent patients undergoing hemodialysis with a graft as their vascular access. We applied a systematic follow-up protocol of 115 grafts based on various screening methods of monitoring (clinical monitoring, pre-pump arterial pressure, dynamic venous pressure, percentage of recirculation, and dose of dialysis) in conjunction with surveillance (normalized intra-access venous pressure and access flow). The annual rates of thrombosis, and primary, primary-assisted, and secondary patency were assessed.

Results: The incidence of significant stenosis and thrombosis was 57.4% (65/115) and 39.0% (45/115), respectively. Of all screening procedures, normalized intra-access venous pressure was the best predictor of significant stenosis (hazards ratio, 7.71; 95% confidence interval, 3.06-19.46). The annual rate of thrombosis fluctuated from 0 to 0.26 thromboses/patient/year, with an average rate of 0.14 thromboses/patient/year. Primary, primary-assisted, and secondary patency were 74%/79%/82%, 50%/60%/66%, and 23%/35%/37% at 1, 2, and 5 years, respectively.

Conclusion: The implementation of a systematic graft follow-up protocol combined with monitoring and surveillance enabled early diagnosis and elective correction of significant stenosis, prolonged graft patency, and a low thrombosis rate.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1129729819838795DOI Listing

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