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Taking theory of mind research into much needed new terrain - a commentary on Kochanska et al. (2025).
J Child Psychol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Contemporary research on developing theory of mind emphasizes its cognitive and neurobiological foundations, but studies of its relational origins have potential for opening new terrain in this expansive literature. The study by Kochanska and colleagues shows this in several ways. First, it offers a model for constructing theoretically guided causal models built on longitudinal research enlisting multiple predictors of developing theory of mind that can be examined in concert.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImplications of neural integration of math and spatial experiences for math ability and math anxiety.
Psychol Res
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
Mathematical and spatial abilities are positively related at both the behavioral and neural levels. Much of the evidence illuminating this relationship comes from classic laboratory-based experimental methods focused on cognitive performance despite most individuals also experiencing math and space in other contexts, such as in conversations or lectures. To broaden our understanding of math-space integration in these more commonplace situations, we used an auditory memory-encoding task with stimuli whose content evoked a range of educational and everyday settings related to math or spatial thinking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding Mechanisms that Maintain Social Anxiety Disorder in Autistic Individuals Through the Clark and Wells (1995) Model and Beyond: A Systematic Review.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev
December 2024
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The systematic review investigates how cognitive and behavioral mechanisms related to social anxiety in non-autistic people may also apply to autistic individuals, as social anxiety is commonly found in both groups.
- It analyzes existing literature, focusing on the Clark and Wells (1995) Cognitive Model of Social Anxiety, alongside additional vulnerability factors specific to autism that could influence social anxiety.
- The review reveals that while the cognitive model has merit, methodological flaws like reliance on self-reported data and cross-sectional study designs limit causal interpretations, emphasizing the need for understanding autism-specific factors linked to social anxiety.
Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models: A Systematic Review.
JAMA
October 2024
Clinical Excellence Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Importance: Large language models (LLMs) can assist in various health care activities, but current evaluation approaches may not adequately identify the most useful application areas.
Objective: To summarize existing evaluations of LLMs in health care in terms of 5 components: (1) evaluation data type, (2) health care task, (3) natural language processing (NLP) and natural language understanding (NLU) tasks, (4) dimension of evaluation, and (5) medical specialty.
Data Sources: A systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science was performed for studies published between January 1, 2022, and February 19, 2024.
Exploring the Scientific Conversation Regarding Live Tissue Training in Trauma Surgery: A Bibliometric Analysis.
J Surg Educ
December 2024
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management & Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Research, Education, Development and Innovation, Stockholm, Sweden; Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
Introduction: Live tissue training (LTT), use of a living anaesthetized animal to practice surgical skills, is a continuing practice, despite controversy and ethical concern. The scientific literature appears polarized in terms of supporting or refuting the practice. This bibliometric analysis of the literature maps and explores the academic conversation regarding LTT including potential influences associated with authorship.
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