To determine if selected serotonergic and noradrenergic gene variants are associated with heroin addiction. A total of 126 variants in 19 genes in subjects with Dutch European ancestry from The Netherlands. Subjects included 281 opioid-dependent volunteers in methadone maintenance or heroin-assisted treatment, 163 opioid-exposed but not opioid-dependent volunteers who have been using illicit opioids but never became opioid-dependent and 153 healthy controls. Nominal associations were indicated for 20 variants in six genes including an experiment-wise significant association from the combined effect of three SNPs (rs363332, rs363334 and rs363338) with heroin dependence (p = 0.047). Further studies are warranted to confirm and elucidate the role of these variants in the vulnerability to opioid addiction.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566135 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2018-0137 | DOI Listing |
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