Fetal growth restriction is associated with an altered cardiopulmonary and cerebral hemodynamic response to surfactant therapy in preterm lambs. | LitMetric
Background: Efficacy of surfactant therapy in fetal growth restricted (FGR) preterm neonates is unknown.
Methods: Twin-bearing ewes underwent surgery at 105 days gestation to induce FGR in one twin by single umbilical artery ligation. At 123-127 days, catheters and flow probes were implanted in pulmonary and carotid arteries to measure flow and pressure. Lambs were delivered, intubated and mechanically ventilated. At 10 min, surfactant (100 mg kg) was administered. Ventilation, oxygenation, and hemodynamic responses were recorded for 1 h before euthanasia at 120 min. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected for analysis of surfactant protein mRNA and phosphatidylcholines (PCs).
Results: FGR preterm lambs were 26% lighter than appropriate for gestational age (AGA) lambs and had baseline differences in lung mechanics and pulmonary blood flows. Surfactant therapy reduced ventilator and oxygen requirements and improved lung mechanics in both groups, although a more rapid improvement in compliance and tidal volume was observed in AGA lambs. Surfactant administration was associated with decreased mean pulmonary and carotid blood flow in FGR but not AGA lambs. No major differences in surfactant protein mRNA or PC levels were noted.
Conclusions: Surfactant therapy was associated with an altered pulmonary and cerebral hemodynamic response in preterm FGR lambs.
Chiral metal clusters, due to their intriguing optical properties and unique resemblance in size to biomolecules, have attracted a lot of attention in recent times as potential candidates for application in bio-detection and therapy. While several strategies are reported for the synthesis of optically active clusters, a facile approach that enhances a multitude of properties has remained a challenge. Herein, we report a simple strategy wherein the use of a chiral cationic surfactant, during the synthesis of achiral clusters, leads to the fabrication of chiral assemblies possessing enhanced luminescence and optical activity.
Postsurgical adhesions are a common complication associated with surgical procedures; they not only impact the patient's well-being but also impose a financial burden due to medical expenses required for reoperative surgeries or adhesiolysis. Adhesions can range from a filmy, fibrinous, or fibrous vascular band to a cohesive attachment, and they can form in diverse anatomical locations such as the peritoneum, pericardium, endometrium, tendons, synovium, and epidural and pleural spaces. Numerous strategies have been explored to minimize the occurrence of postsurgical adhesions.
Environmental contamination with biofilm can be a source of healthcare-associated infections. Disinfection with various biocidal active substances is usually the method of choice to remove contamination with biofilm. In this study we tested 13 different disinfection protocols using gaseous ozone, citric acid, and three working concentrations of benzalkonium chloride-based professional disinfecting products on 24-hour-old biofilms formed by two strains on ceramic tiles.
Background: A multivariate predictive model was constructed using baseline and 12-week clinical data to evaluate the rate of clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at the 48-week mark in patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B who are receiving treatment with pegylated interferon α (PEG-INFα).
Methods: The study cohort comprised CHB patients who received pegylated interferon treatment at Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital, Fujian Medical University, between January 2019 and April 2024. Predictor variables were identified (LASSO), followed by multivariate analysis and logistic regression analysis.
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) possesses various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. However, its clinical application is limited by poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. Polymers play a crucial role in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly as matrices in excipients to enhance the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
