Theoretical Estimation of the Optimum Cooling Rate of a Cell Suspension at Linear Freezing Modes Based on a Two Factor Theory of Cryodamage.

Background: According to the two-factor theory cryodamage arises from intracellular crystallization and solution effects due to freeze concentration.

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the contribution of two types of cryodamages that are related to extra- and intracellular crystallization.

Methods: The probability of intracellular crystal formation during cooling of cell suspension in cryoprotective solution has been determined based on general thermodynamics theory.

Results: According to the obtained correlations and taking into account of the individual characteristics of yeast cells and murine enterocytes, the optimal cooling rates during freezing of these cells in cryoprotectant solutions were determined.

Conclusion: The proposed algorithm for the estimation of the optimal cooling rates at linear freezing mode of a particular cellular suspension can be utilized to develope methods for cryopreservation of different cell suspensions.