Chronic T cell activation and accelerated immune senescence are hallmarks of HIV infection, which may contribute to the increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases in people living with HIV (PLWH). T lymphocytes play a central role in modulating adipose tissue inflammation and, by extension, adipocyte energy storage and release. Here, we assessed the CD4 and CD8 T cell profiles in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and blood of non-diabetic ( = 9; fasting blood glucose [FBG] < 100 mg/dL), pre-diabetic ( = 8; FBG = 100-125 mg/dL) and diabetic ( = 9; FBG ≥ 126 mg/dL) PLWH, in addition to non- and pre-diabetic, HIV-negative controls ( = 8). SAT was collected by liposuction and T cells were extracted by collagenase digestion. The proportion of naïve (T) CD45ROCCR7, effector memory (T) CD45ROCCR7, central memory (T) CD45ROCCR7, and effector memory revertant RA(T) CD45ROCCR7 CD4 and CD8 T cells were measured by flow cytometry. CD4 and CD8 T and T were significantly enriched in SAT of PLWH compared to blood. The proportions of SAT CD4 and CD8 memory subsets were similar across metabolic status categories in the PLWH, but CD4 T cell expression of the CD69 early-activation and tissue residence marker, particularly on T cells, increased with progressive glucose intolerance. Use of t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) identified a separate group of predominantly CD69 T and T cells co-expressing CD57, CXCR1, and GPR56, which were significantly greater in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. Expression of the CXCR1 and GPR56 markers indicate these T and T cells may have anti-viral specificity. Compared to HIV-negative controls, SAT from PLWH had an increased CD8:CD4 ratio, but the distribution of CD4 and CD8 memory subsets was similar irrespective of HIV status. Finally, whole adipose tissue from PLWH had significantly higher expression of TLR2, TLR8, and multiple chemokines potentially relevant to immune cell homing compared to HIV-negative controls with similar glucose tolerance.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6433850 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00408 | DOI Listing |
Brain Behav Immun Health
February 2025
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.
Background: Exhaustion and depersonalization are the core symptoms of the occupational burnout. However, burnout is not an all-or-nothing phenomenon, but can occur in a milder to moderate form in otherwise healthy employees. In the last two decades hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) were increasingly related to the cumulative effect of psychosocial stress at work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of premature death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and vascular damage is often detected belatedly, usually evaluated by expensive and invasive techniques. CKD involves specific risk factors that lead to vascular calcification and atherosclerosis, where inflammation plays a critical role. However, there are few inflammation-related markers to predict vascular damage in CKD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Gu Shang
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
Objective: To evaluate clinical effect of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimlation (TEAS) on perioperative immune function and postoperative recovery in patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Methods: From November 2021 to July 2022, 80 patients with unilateral TKA were selected and divided into TEAS group and sham TEAS group according to different treatment methods. There were 40 patients in TEAS group, including 9 males and 31 females;aged from 61 to 79 years old with an average of (66.
J Nutr
December 2024
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States; USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Immune function is affected by vitamin D status but the optimal serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level for immune function is not known.
Objectives: We hypothesized that 25(OH)D would be associated with markers of inflammation and immune activation.
Methods: We identified associations between 25(OH)D and immune markers from 361 healthy adults using polynomial regression.
Diagn Pathol
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Background: While many studies have reported renal involvement in sarcoidosis, there is limited description of the pathological manifestations of renal sarcoidosis (RS). This study aimed to explore the standardized pathological diagnosis of RS while evaluating the relationship among pathology, clinical manifestations, and prognosis.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-center study of RS in renal biopsy cases treated in our department between January 2019 and December 2023.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!