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Gray Matter Microstructural Abnormalities and Working Memory Deficits in Individuals with Schizophrenia. | LitMetric

Gray Matter Microstructural Abnormalities and Working Memory Deficits in Individuals with Schizophrenia.

Psychiatry Investig

Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Published: March 2019

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study explored how working memory deficits in schizophrenia are linked to changes in brain structure, particularly in gray matter thickness and volume.
  • Researchers analyzed brain imaging data and working memory task scores from individuals with schizophrenia and control subjects to investigate these connections.
  • Results revealed that individuals with schizophrenia showed increased diffusivity in key brain regions, correlating with poorer working memory performance, indicating potential underlying brain abnormalities.

Article Abstract

Objective: Working memory impairments serve as prognostic factors for patients with schizophrenia. Working memory deficits are mainly associated with gray matter (GM) thickness and volume. We investigated the association between GM diffusivity and working memory in controls and individuals with schizophrenia.

Methods: T1 and diffusion tensor images of the brain, working memory task (letter number sequencing) scores, and the demographic data of 90 individuals with schizophrenia and 97 controls were collected from the SchizConnect database. T1 images were parcellated into the 68 GM Regions of Interest (ROI). Axial Diffusivity (AD), Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Radial Diffusivity (RD), and Trace (TR) were calculated for each of the ROIs.

Results: Compared to the controls, schizophrenia group showed significantly increased AD, RD, and TR in specific regions on the frontal, temporal, and anterior cingulate area. Moreover, working memory was negatively correlated with AD, RD, and TR in the lateral orbitofrontal, superior temporal, inferior temporal, and rostral anterior cingulate area on left hemisphere in the individuals with schizophrenia.

Conclusion: These results demonstrated GM microstructural abnormalities in the frontal, temporal, and anterior cingulate regions of individuals with schizophrenia. Furthermore, these regional GM microstructural abnormalities suggest a neuropathological basis for the working memory deficits observed clinically in individuals with schizophrenia.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6444097PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2018.10.14.1DOI Listing

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