Testing a component model of reading comprehension in a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the efficacy of four different interventions that were designed to target components of language and metacognition that predict children's reading comprehension: vocabulary, listening comprehension, comprehension of literate language, academic knowledge, and comprehension monitoring. Third- and fourth-graders with language skills falling below age expectations participated ( = 645). Overall, the component interventions were only somewhat effective in improving the targeted skills, compared to a business-as-usual control ( ranged from -.14 to .33), and no main effects were significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Effects did not generalize to other language skills or to students' reading comprehension. Moreover, there were child-characteristic-by-treatment interaction effects. For example, the intervention designed to build sensorimotor mental representations was more effective for children with weaker vocabulary skills. Implications for component models of reading and interventions for children at risk of reading comprehension difficulties are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2018.1481409 | DOI Listing |
J Autism Dev Disord
January 2025
Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
The use of literal prompts (LPs) and inferential prompts (IPs) in shared book reading (SBR) facilitates children's use of language and promotes their thinking and understanding about the stories discussed and beyond. Furthermore, SBR provides a platform for mildly autistic children to have multiple rounds of communication with educators. This study investigated the contribution of LPs and IPs on the language development and affective factors of language learning in mildly autistic children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece.
The widespread propagation of wireless communication devices, from smartphones and tablets to Internet of Things (IoT) systems, has become an integral part of modern life. However, the expansion of wireless technology has also raised public concern about the potential health risks associated with prolonged exposure to electromagnetic fields. Our objective is to determine the optimal machine learning model for constructing electric field strength maps across urban areas, enhancing the field of environmental monitoring with the aid of sensor-based data collection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
January 2025
Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Alfredo Balena Avenue, 190, Room 314, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil.
This scoping review aims to understand the cell-based meat production process, including the regulations, potential hazards, and critical points of this production. This review includes studies on cultured meat production processes, health hazards, and regulatory guidelines, excluding those without hazard analysis, incomplete texts, or studies published before 2013. The search was performed in eight electronic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, LILACS, and Google Scholar) using MeSH terms and adaptations for each database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Res
January 2025
The Center for RNA Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, International School of Medicine, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
The systematic identification and functional characterization of noncanonical translation products, such as novel peptides, will facilitate the understanding of the human genome and provide new insights into cell biology. Here, we constructed a high-coverage peptide sequencing reference library with 11,668,944 open reading frames and employed an ultrafiltration tandem mass spectrometry assay to identify novel peptides. Through these methods, we discovered 8945 previously unannotated peptides from normal gastric tissues, gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, nearly half of which were derived from noncoding RNAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vasc Interv Radiol
January 2025
Associate Professor of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
This study assesses the feasibility of Large Language Models like GPT-4 (OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, USA) to summarize interventional radiology (IR) procedural reports to improve layperson understanding and translate medical texts into multiple languages. 200 reports from eight categories were summarized using GPT-4. Readability was assessed with Flesch-Kincaid Reading Level (FKRL) and Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES).
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