The aim of the present study was to characterize β-adrenergic receptors in the snake heart and lung of corn and Boa constrictor snakes. The β-adrenergic receptor binding sites were studied in purified heart and lung membranes using the specific β-adrenergic receptor antagonist [J]-iodocyanopindolol (ICYP) and subtypes using selective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist CGP-20712A and selective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI-118.551. A saturable and specific β-adrenergic receptor binding site was detected in cardiac membranes with maximal receptor density (B) of 43.99 ± 3.86 fmol/mg protein (corn snake) and 58.07 ± 2.88 fmol/mg protein (Boa constrictor) as well as K of 24.21 ± 7.38 pM (corn snake) and 21.48 ± 3.85 pM (Boa constrictor) and in lung membranes (B fmol/mg protein: 55.95 ± 16.28 (corn snake) and 107.00 ± 14.21 (Boa constrictor); K pM: 71.25 ± 21.92 (corn snake) and 55.04 ± 18.68 (Boa constrictor)). Competition-binding studies showed β-adrenergic receptors with low affinities to the β-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist and high affinity binding to β-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist in both heart and lung tissues of both snake species, suggesting the presence of high population of the post-synaptic β-adrenergic receptor subtype. It seems that the presence of the predominant β-subtype also in lung tissues may indicate the importance of the vascular system in the snake lung.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.03.023 | DOI Listing |
J Morphol
January 2025
Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Munich, Germany.
Booidean snakes are a diverse and widespread lineage with an intriguing evolutionary and biogeographic history. By means of cranial morphology and osteology, this study investigates the evolutionary convergence in the Neotropical genera Boa and Corallus on the one hand and the Malagasy clade comprising Acrantophis and Sanzinia on the other. We hypothesize that the mostly arboreal Corallus and Sanzinia present larger jaws and longer teeth to keep hold of the prey and resist gravity and torsional forces acting on their skull while hanging from branches, while terrestrial genera such as Acrantophis show thinner jaws with shorter teeth because they can rely on the full length of their coils to immobilize and constrict the prey together with a substrate that supports the whole of their body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Biol
December 2024
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
The ability for snakes to ingest large prey (macrostomy) is a widespread, derived trait that involves distending the skin during ingestion and metabolic upregulation during digestion. The material behavior of the skin must accommodate significant stretch associated with a large prey bolus, but data remain sparse for how the material properties of snake skin vary: longitudinally within an individual, after ingesting large prey and among species. To test whether these three factors affected the mechanical properties of snake skin, we quantified uniaxial stresses and strains in circumferential loops of skin from the neck, mid-body and tail of fasted and recently fed Boa constrictor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Comp Immunol
January 2025
Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Knowledge on the structure and composition of the haematopoietic tissue (HT) is essential to understand the basic immune functions of the immune system in any species. For reptiles, it is extremely limited, hence we undertook an in-depth in situ investigation of the HT (bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymphatic tissue of the alimentary tract) in the common boa (Boa constrictor). We also assessed age- and disease-related changes, with a special focus on Boid Inclusion Body Disease, a highly relevant reptarenavirus-associated disease in boid snakes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Virol
December 2024
Department of Virology, Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Boid inclusion body disease (BIBD) caused by reptarenaviruses affects captive constrictor snake collections worldwide. The disease manifests by the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in various tissues. Curiously, a snake with BIBD nearly always carries a swarm of reptarenavirus small and large segments rather than a single pair, and the composition of the swarm can vary between tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Evol
November 2024
Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center University of Florida Davie Florida USA.
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