AI Article Synopsis
- Stool samples can effectively diagnose tuberculosis (TB) as Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be found in digestive tract specimens; the study compared the effectiveness of GeneXpert tests on stool and gastric lavage fluid (GALF) in patients with severe pulmonary TB.
- Out of 65 patients, GeneXpert detected MTB in 90.6% of stool samples but only 56.5% of GALF samples, indicating better sensitivity for stool testing (P=0.003).
- Additionally, a higher percentage of patients with positive GeneXpert stool results had diabetes compared to those with negative results (19.4% vs. 2.9%, P=0.034), suggesting a link between diabetes and TB detection.
Article Abstract
Purpose: Stool is an alternative specimen matrix for tuberculosis (TB) tests, because Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) can be swallowed and detected in the samples from digestive tract. We aimed to assess the performance of GeneXpert on stool and gastric lavage fluid (GALF) in diagnosing TB among patients with severe pulmonary TB.
Methods: We enrolled adults with suspected pulmonary TB who were unable to produce sputum at visit between January 2016 and June 2018. Bacteriological samples consisted of one transtracheal aspirate sputum specimen, one stool specimen and/or one gastric lavage fluid specimen. Bacterial culture of transtracheal aspirate sputum provided the gold standard.
Results: Of 65 individuals recruited for analysis, MGIT culture identified the presence of MTB in 32 samples. Overall, 29 of 32 stool samples from culture-positive cases were detected by the GeneXpert test, demonstrating a sensitivity of 90.6%. For GALF, 13 patients were detected as infected with MTB by GeneXpert, yielding a sensitivity of 56.5%. The statistical analysis revealed that GeneXpert showed significantly better sensitivity in detecting MTB from stool samples than GALF samples (P = 0.003). Among individuals with GeneXpert-positive stool, the percentage of individuals with comorbid diabetes was significantly higher than among individuals with GeneXpert-negative stool (19.4% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.034).
Conclusions: In conclusion, our data reveal that GeneXpert provides a higher detection rate on stool compared to GALF, indicating stool should be considered as an alternative for adult TB patients unable to produce sputum. Individuals with diabetes are more likely to have positive GeneXpert stool than nondiabetic individuals.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-019-01295-5 | DOI Listing |
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