Technological advancements in fMRI have afforded the opportunity to conduct submillimeter investigations into human brain function. The ability to do cortical depth dependent (or layer-specific) fMRI could allow probing intrinsic neuronal organizations and inter-connections, including the directionality of interregional information flow, while ultimately shedding light on uniquely human behaviors. The methodological development and applications of cortical depth dependent fMRI has been ongoing for nearly a decade, yet a consensus on protocols, analysis pipelines and interpretations of data has yet to be reached. In this article we discuss the current status and understandings of high resolution fMRI data and methods. In particular, the spatial signal characteristics of the BOLD contrast are examined in relation to the intra-cortical vasculature and associated underlying contrast mechanisms for three pulse sequences used in laminar fMRI: gradient echo (GE), spin echo (SE) and 3D-GRASE. We conclude with a short overview of factors to be taken into account when designing a specific study, including the choice of pulse sequence, experimental design, and data analysis strategy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.024 | DOI Listing |
Neurosurg Rev
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Minimally invasive parafascicular surgery (MIPS) with the use of tubular retractors achieve a safe resection in deep seated tumours. Diffusion changes noted on postoperative imaging; the significance and clinical correlation of this remains poorly understood. Single centre retrospective cohort study of neuro-oncology patients undergoing MIPS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Phys Eng Express
January 2025
Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos Facultad de Ingeniería, ruta 11 km 10, Oro Verde, Entre Ríos, 3101, ARGENTINA.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks structures of the central nervous system, resulting in lesions that can occur throughout the brain and spinal cord. Cortical lesions, in particular, can contribute to motor dysfunction. Walking disability is reported as the main impairment by people with MS (pwMS), often due to limited ankle movement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Neuropsychol
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Division), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with structural and functional brain changes and cognitive impairment in sleep clinic samples. Persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk of OSA compared to community samples, and many experience chronic cognitive disability. However, the impact of OSA on cognitive outcome after TBI is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Oral Investig
January 2025
Division of Prosthodontics and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
Objectives: The present systematic review aimed to evaluate if cortical bone perforation is effective in enhancing periodontal surgery and guided bone regeneration (GBR) in humans.
Materials And Methods: Electronic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane CENTRAL up to October 31st, 2023. Grey literature was also searched.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. Electronic address:
The central neural mechanism plays an important role in cardiopulmonary coupling. How the brain stem affects the cardiopulmonary coupling is relatively clear, but there are few studies on the cerebral cortex activity of cardiopulmonary coupling. We aim to study the response of the cerebral cortex for cardiopulmonary phase synchronization enhancement.
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