Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in many parts of the world but only a few cases have been diagnosed in Norway. To investigate the HEV exposure rate in a presumed low-risk area, we have conducted a population-based study of anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence in Northern Norway. A total of 1800 serum samples from 900 women and 900 men, age 40-79 years, were randomly selected from the 21,083 participants in the 7th Tromsø Study, representing the 32,591 inhabitants of the Tromsø municipality that were ≥ 40 years. All samples were analyzed by ELISA-1 (recomWell HEV IgG). Samples testing positive or borderline, as well as a 1.5-fold excess of negative samples, were retested by ELISA-2 (DiaPro HEV IgG). If still borderline or a result discordant from ELISA-1, the sample was retested by ELISA-3 (Wantai HEV IgG) and strip-immunoassay (recomLine HEV IgG). Anti-HEV IgG was detected in 205 individuals (11.4%), yielding an estimated seroprevalence of 10.4% in the age-matched population of Tromsø. Using logistic regression analysis followed by multivariable backward elimination analysis, increasing age (OR 1.036 per year; p < 0.001) and higher education (OR 2.167; p < 0.001) were found as potential risk factors, whereas travel abroad or eating of red meat were not. Our results indicate that HEV-infection is common in Northern Norway and suggest that HEV testing should be included in the evaluation of elevated liver enzymes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00430-019-00599-5 | DOI Listing |
Trop Med Infect Dis
December 2024
Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, Center of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil.
The occurrence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients with Schistosomiasis mansoni (SM) is still poorly understood in Brazil. The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in patients with SM and its association with the periportal fibrosis (PPF), assessed by serum markers and ultrasound criteria. This cross-sectional study was carried out in an endemic area in Pernambuco, Brazil, with schistosomal patients who underwent coproscopic survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes acute jaundice and poses an important public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Limited surveillance capacity and suboptimal access to diagnostics leads to under-reporting of HEV infections in affected countries, including Nepal. Serum antibodies against HEV are indicative of past infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeerJ
December 2024
Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Background: Recently, there has been increasing interest in the exploration of the association between the hepatitis E virus () infection and malignancies; however, epidemiological data for infection among women with a gynecological tumors (GT) are limited. Herein, we investigated the correlation between and GT in Chinese women.
Methods: We recruited 452 women diagnosed with a primary GT and 452 healthy volunteers to investigate the possible routes and risk factors for infection.
NPJ Vaccines
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. The efficacy and safety of the HEV239 vaccine have been validated, with protection lasting at least 10 years. This study extended the phase 3 trial of HEV239 (NCT01014845), presenting data on the durability of the anti-HEV IgG response elicited by one or two doses in the participants with different baseline serostatus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIJID Reg
December 2024
Department 1: Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Objectives: Following the outbreak of hepatitis E in camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Borno State in 2017, we assessed hepatitis B, C, and E biomarkers (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg], anti-HBC, anti-hepatitis E virus [HEV] immunoglobulin [Ig] G, and anti-HEV IgM) among IDPs in three camps in Borno State, Nigeria, to determine seroprevalence rates in these understudied populations.
Methods: A total of 454 IDPs, including pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers, were randomly selected, and their demographic, clinical, and epidemiological data were collected. Blood samples were tested for HBsAg and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) using rapid tests, anti-HEV IgM, and anti-HEV IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
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