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Overestimate of committed warming.
Nature
July 2017
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Palaeoclimate variations are an essential component in constraining future projections of climate change as a function of increasing anthropogenic greenhouse gases. The Earth System Sensitivity (ESS) describes the multi-millennial response of Earth (in terms of global mean temperature) to a doubling of CO concentrations. A recent study used a correlation of inferred temperatures and radiative forcing from greenhouse gases over the past 800,000 years to estimate the ESS from present day CO is about 9°C, and to imply a long-term commitment of 3–7°C even if greenhouse gas levels remain at present-day concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman-induced changes in the distribution of rainfall.
Sci Adv
May 2017
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W/PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY 10964, USA.
A likely consequence of global warming will be the redistribution of Earth's rain belts, affecting water availability for many of Earth's inhabitants. We consider three ways in which planetary warming might influence the global distribution of precipitation. The first possibility is that rainfall in the tropics will increase and that the subtropics and mid-latitudes will become more arid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReply to Liu et al.: East Asian summer monsoon rainfall dominates Lake Dali lake area changes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
April 2017
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
Northward extent of East Asian monsoon covaries with intensity on orbital and millennial timescales.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2017
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
The magnitude, rate, and extent of past and future East Asian monsoon (EAM) rainfall fluctuations remain unresolved. Here, late Pleistocene-Holocene EAM rainfall intensity is reconstructed using a well-dated northeastern China closed-basin lake area record located at the modern northwestern fringe of the EAM. The EAM intensity and northern extent alternated rapidly between wet and dry periods on time scales of centuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid carbon mineralization for permanent disposal of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions.
Science
June 2016
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) provides a solution toward decarbonization of the global economy. The success of this solution depends on the ability to safely and permanently store CO2 This study demonstrates for the first time the permanent disposal of CO2 as environmentally benign carbonate minerals in basaltic rocks. We find that over 95% of the CO2 injected into the CarbFix site in Iceland was mineralized to carbonate minerals in less than 2 years.
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