Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability for adult men and women worldwide, and a number of studies have explored the influences of smoking on stroke. However, few studies have discussed the relationship between stroke and smoking with consideration of the following factors: sex, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, stroke subtype, and the follow-up duration. Consequently, we aimed to extend previous work by using a systematic review to explore the relationship between stroke and cigarette smoking in reference to the above factors.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register databases and the following search criteria: ["stroke" (MeSH) and "smoking" (MeSH)]. All analyses were conducted with Stata, and funnel plots and Egger regression asymmetry tests were used to assess publication bias.

Results: The meta-analysis included 14 studies involving 303134 subjects. According to the meta-analysis, smokers had an overall increased risk of stroke compared with nonsmokers, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34-1.93, P < .001). A subgroup analysis conducted based on smoking status revealed ORs of 1.92 (95% CI: 1.49-2.48) for current smokers and 1.30 (95% CI: 0.93-1.81) for former smokers. In addition, the relationship between stroke of any type and smoking status was also statistically significant; current smokers had an increased risk of stoke compared with nonsmokers (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04-2.07, P < .001), which was influenced by sex (men: OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.11-2.13, P = .002; women: OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.45-2.44, P < .023). From the analysis, we also observed that passive smoking increased the overall risk of stroke by 45% (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.0-2.11, P < .05). Based on the dose-response meta-analysis, the risk of stroke increased by 12% for each increment of 5 cigarettes per day.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6708836PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000014872DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

smoking stroke
8
relationship stroke
8
systematic review
8
stroke
7
relationship smoking
4
stroke meta-analysis
4
meta-analysis background
4
background stroke
4
stroke leading
4
leading death
4

Similar Publications

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) frequently coexists with cardiorenal complications. Therefore, a holistic approach to patient management is required, with specialists such as primary care physicians, cardiologists, endocrinologists, and nephrologists working together to provide patient care. Although glycemic control is important in the management of T2D, patients with T2D and acceptable glycemic control are still at risk from cardiovascular (CV) events such as stroke, heart attack, and heart failure (HF).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The phenomenon of population aging in China has evolved into an irreversible trend. The state places significant emphasis on the health-related initiatives for the elderly and has implemented pertinent policies. This study aims to identify the primary health issues affecting the elderly population in China, ascertain the key risk factors influencing their health, and offer a scientific foundation for the government to develop ongoing policies and strategies, as well as to allocate health resources efficiently.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The intention of this study was to profile the cohort from the Greek Registry for the prevalence of Familial Hypercholesterolemia (GRegistry-FH) by estimating the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), pre-DM, smoking, abnormal thyroid function (ATF), and lipid values. The GRegistry-FH is a prospective study involving door-to-door interviews conducted by trained interviewers. Overall, 7704 individuals aged ≥18 years, randomly selected from all the regions of Greece, participated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify variables at the time of clinical presentation which place patients at higher risk for mortality following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for symptomatic lesions. Further, this study will create a risk score for mortality within two years following CEA for symptomatic stenosis to help tailor future postoperative and long-term management by identifying patients who require heightened vigilance in postoperative care to facilitate survival.

Methods: The Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) CEA module was queried for procedures performed for symptomatic (within 180 days) carotid bifurcation stenosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!