Background: Extrauterine growth restriction is common in the preterm infant, and it is associated with poor neurodevelopment. Nutrition plays an important role in postnatal growth, but growth is also influenced by other factors like co-morbidity, and, also, there might be sex differences.
Methods: This is a cohort study including preterm infants < 32 weeks at birth (n = 21,825) from the Spanish Neonatal Network database. The effect of sex and morbidity (patent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis) on weight gain as well as linear and head growth from birth to discharge/death was assessed with linear regression models adjusted by gestational age and Z-scores at birth.
Results: The 4 selected morbidities had an independent effect on all 6 growth parameters studied, which was greater in the case of necrotizing enterocolitis: changes in weight, length and head Z-scores were -0.60 (95% CI: -0.66 to -0.55), -0.62 (95% CI: -0.70 to -0.54) and -0.63 (95% CI: -0.71 to -0.56), respectively. Weight gain and linear growth were overall more affected than head growth. Girls lost slightly more weight Z-scores (-0.03; 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.002) than boys after adjustment by morbidity. There were no significant gender differences regarding linear and head growth velocity (cm/week), although girls lost more head Z-scores (-0.14; 95% CI: -0.18 to -0.10).
Conclusions: Main co-morbidities associated with prematurity have an impact on postnatal growth. Head growth is less affected than length and weight. Girls are at slightly higher risk of postnatal weight and head restriction after adjustment by morbidity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497221 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Metastasis
December 2024
Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center 540F, University of Missouri, 1201 E Rollins, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Copper promotes tumor growth and metastasis through a variety of mechanisms, most notably as a cofactor within the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of secreted cuproenzymes. Members of this family, which include LOX and LOX-like enzymes LOXL1-4, catalyze the copper-dependent crosslinking of collagens and elastin within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Elevated LOX expression is associated with higher incidence and worse prognosis in multiple cancers, including colorectal, breast, pancreatic, and head and neck.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
December 2024
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Chemical control of head blight (FHB) in wheat plants is often challenged by the resistance outbreak and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation. Developing green partners for fungicides is crucial for reducing fungal growth, mycotoxin contamination, and agricultural fungicides input. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of MgO nanoparticles (NPs) in controlling FHB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Background And Aim: The administration of growth and neurotrophic factors has been attempted experimentally as a new therapeutic strategy for severe facial paralysis. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has an effect on the treatment of central nervous system injuries, such as cerebral infarction and spinal cord injury. This study aimed at examining the effects of G-CSF on facial nerve regeneration in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthop Surg
December 2024
Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Study Design: A retrospective and consecutive study.
Objective: To demonstrate the curve evolution of distal non-structural compensatory curves in patients with congenital cervicothoracic hemivertebra (CTH) scoliosis undergoing posterior-only hemivertebra resection and to propose the possible mechanisms of this specific phenomenon.
Summary Of Background Data: Though the spinal alignment could be well corrected via posterior hemivertebra resection in CTH patients, the high prevalence of distal curve progression was remarkable.
Histol Histopathol
December 2024
Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Charleroi-Chimay, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium.
Due to the late-stage diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), treatment remains a significant clinical challenge. The metalloproteinases MMP-9 and MT1-MMP play a pivotal role in extracellular matrix remodeling, thereby facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor progression requires the degradation of the basement membrane.
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