Gender, age, and political legitimacy: Activist (in)visibility in broadcast news, 1970-2012.

We assess whether media professionals construct stories in ways that enhance or diminish women's legitimacy as agents of change. Our analysis of 269 broadcast news stories sampled between 1970 and 2012 examines depictions of activists in five social movements-Women's Rights, Gay Rights, Immigrant Rights, Occupy Wall Street, and Tea Party-at the intersection of gender, age, and race. We find that broadcast news coverage diminishes the legitimacy of women and older activists and activists of color by underrepresenting them, presenting opponents' claims at higher rates, and reinforcing dominant cultural narratives about political authority.