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Nano Drug Delivery in Treatment of Oral Cancer, A Review of the Literature. | LitMetric

Nano Drug Delivery in Treatment of Oral Cancer, A Review of the Literature.

Curr Drug Targets

Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.

Published: August 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • Oral Cancer (OC) is a significant health issue globally, with a steady increase in new cases, especially alarming in India, which reports 75,000 to 80,000 cases annually.
  • Predisposing factors for OC include conditions like leukoplakia and erythroplakia, alongside lifestyle choices such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, which contribute to its development.
  • Despite existing treatment options, OC often leads to high recurrence rates and poor survival rates (~50%), prompting interest in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for more effective therapies.

Article Abstract

Oral Cancer (OC) is a serious and growing problem which constitutes a huge burden on people in more and less economically developed countries alike. The scenario is clearly depicted from the increase in the expected number of new cases in the US diagnosed with OC from 49,670 people in 2016, to 49,750 cases in 2017. The situation is even more alarming in India, with 75,000 to 80,000 new cases being reported every year, thus making it the OC capital of the world. Leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral lichen planus, oral submucous fibrosis, discoid lupus erythmatosus, hereditary disorders such as dyskeratosis congenital and epidermolisys bullosa are highlighted by WHO expert working group as the predisposing factors increasing the risk of OC. Consumption of tobacco and alcohol, genetic factors, and human papilloma virus are assigned as the factors contributing to the aetiology of OC. On the other hand, pathogenesis of OC involves not only apoptosis but also pain, inflammation and oxidative stress. Inspite of current treatment options (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy), OC is often associated with recurrence and formation of secondary primary tumours resulting in poor overall survival rates (∼50%). The intervention of nano technology-based drug delivery systems as therapeutics for cancers is often viewed as a cutting edge for technologists. Though ample literature on the usefulness of nano-coutured cancer therapeutics, rarely any product is in pipeline. Yet, despite all the hype about nanotechnology, there are few ongoing trials. This review discusses the current and future trends of nano-based drug delivery for the treatment of OC.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450120666190319125734DOI Listing

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