Regulation of cellular function is key to bone formation at endosseous implant surfaces. Osseointegration was "discovered" prior to the discovery of genetic regulation of osteoinduction or characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Understanding osseointegration in cellular and molecular terms has benefited from genome-wide characterization of this healing process at endosseous implants in vivo. These in vivo studies also demonstrate a role for osteoprogenitor cells and cells involved in immune regulation and osteoclastogenesis. The identification of noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, as key factors controlling cell function has highlighted the role of microRNAs in cell differentiation control. This review summarizes emerging in vitro and in vivo investigations emphasizing the role of microRNAs in the osseointegration process. Many microRNAs influence key osteoinductive pathways controlling Osterix, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/SMAD function. Others influence the monocyte/macrophage lineage. While significant progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms associated with the regulation of surface modulation of osteoblast differentiation by microRNAs, knowledge gaps are evident in the identification and characterization of microRNAs linked to osseointegration. Given existing knowledge regarding the varied expression of microRNAs and their role in inflammation, it is important to understand how microRNA expression may influence the process of bone accrual at implant surfaces during osseointegration.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.11607/jomi.6581 | DOI Listing |
Autoimmun Rev
December 2024
Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address:
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a primary systemic vasculitis affecting the elderly, characterized by a granulomatous vessel wall inflammation of large- and medium-sized arteries. The immunopathology of GCA is complex, involving both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, where a maladaptive inflammatory-driven vascular repair process ultimately results in vessel wall thickening, intramural vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, neovascularization and vessel lumen occlusion, which can lead to serious ischemic complications such as visual loss and ischemic stroke. Over the past decade, microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been highlighted as an important contributing factor underlying the pathogenesis of GCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Oncol Hematol
December 2024
GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Liquid biopsy and Cancer Interception group, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute IBS-Granada. Avda. de Madrid, 15, 18012, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Patología Mamaria. Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio. Granada; Integral Oncology Division, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Av. Dr. Olóriz 16, 18012, Granada, Spain; Molecular lab. Unit of Pathological Anatomy. University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves. 18016. Granada, Spain. Electronic address:
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) significantly affects the prognosis and clinical management of breast cancer (BC) patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with LNM in BC and evaluate their potential diagnostic and prognostic value. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases, to assess the role of miRNAs in LNM BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China. Electronic address:
Ischemia and hypoxia caused by vascular injury intensify nerve damage. Skin precursor-derived Schwann cells have demonstrated an accelerated in vivo pre-vascularization of tissue-engineered nerves. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles from skin precursor-derived Schwann cells (SKP-SC-EVs) show the potential in aiding peripheral nerve regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryobiology
December 2024
Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
The garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus) is a fat-storing mammal that undergoes annual periods of hibernation to mitigate the effects of food scarcity, low ambient temperatures, and reduced photoperiod that characterize winter. Like other hibernating species, this animal suppresses its metabolic rate by downregulating nonessential genes and processes in order to prolong available energy stores and limit waste accumulation throughout the season. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that bind to mRNA and mediate post-transcriptional suppression, making miRNA ideal for modulating widespread changes in gene expression, including global downregulation typified by metabolic rate depression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Adv
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and the Natural Science Research Institute, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Yongin-si 17058, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, endogenous small single-stranded RNA molecules involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. It has been demonstrated that dysregulation of miRNA plays a major role in tumor formation, proliferation, and metastasis. Therefore, the delivery of anti-miRNA oligonucleotides to block the activity of these oncogenic miRNAs is a high-potential anti-cancer therapy approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!