Background: Plasmodium vivax is the main cause of malaria in Nepal. Relapse patterns have not been characterized previously.
Methods: Patients with P. vivax malaria were randomized to receive chloroquine (CQ; 25 mg base/kg given over 3 days) alone or together with primaquine (PQ; 0.25 mg base/kg/day for 14 days) and followed intensively for 1 month, then at 1- to 2-month intervals for 1 year. Parasite isolates were genotyped.
Results: One hundred and one (49%) patients received CQ and 105 (51%) received CQ + PQ. In the CQ + PQ arm, there were 3 (4.1%) recurrences in the 73 patients who completed 1 year of follow-up compared with 22 of 78 (28.2%) in the CQ-only arm (risk ratio, 0.146 [95% confidence interval, .046-.467]; P < .0001). Microsatellite genotyping showed relatively high P. vivax genetic diversity (mean heterozygosity, 0.843 [range 0.570-0.989] with low multiplicity of infection (mean, 1.05) reflecting a low transmission preelimination setting. Of the 12 genetically homologous relapses, 5 (42%) occurred in a cluster after 9 months, indicating long latency.
Conclusions: Although there may be emerging CQ resistance, the combination of CQ and the standard-dose 14-day PQ regimen is highly efficacious in providing radical cure of short- and long-latency P. vivax malaria in Nepal.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6603971 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz126 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Behavioral and Electrophysiological Assessment of Central Auditory Processing in Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease.
Pediatr Blood Cancer
January 2025
Department of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Introduction: Sickle cell anemia has a genetic origin characterized by an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. The nervous system may be subject to vaso-occlusion and, consequently, affect the proper functioning of the central portion of hearing.
Objective: To assess central auditory skills and analyze short- and long-latency auditory evoked potentials in children with sickle cell disease.
Rigidity in Parkinson's Disease: The Objective Effect of Levodopa.
Mov Disord
January 2025
Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Background: Quantitative evidence of levodopa-induced beneficial effects on parkinsonian rigidity in Parkinson's disease (PD) is lacking. Recent research has demonstrated the velocity-dependent nature of objective rigidity in PD and revealed its neural underpinning.
Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effect of levodopa on objective rigidity in PD.
Attenuated afferent inhibition correlated with impaired gait performance in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait.
Front Aging Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Background: The neural mechanisms underlying freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been completely comprehended. Sensory-motor integration dysfunction was proposed as one of the contributing factors. Here, we investigated short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), and analyzed their association with gait performance in FOG PD patients, to further validate the role of sensorimotor integration in the occurrence of FOG in PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential effects of isoflurane on auditory and visually evoked potentials in the cat.
Front Syst Neurosci
December 2024
Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Evoked potentials can be used as an intraoperative monitoring measure in neurological surgery. Auditory evoked potentials (AEPs), or specifically brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs), are known for being minimally affected by anesthetics, while visually evoked potentials (VEPs) are presumed to be unreliable and easily affected by anesthetics. While many anesthesia trials or intraoperative recordings have provided evidence in support of these hypotheses, the comparisons were always made between AEPs and VEPs recorded sequentially, rather than recorded at the same time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in intra- and interlimb reflexes from forelimb cutaneous afferents after staggered thoracic lateral hemisections during locomotion in cats.
J Physiol
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Cutaneous afferents in cats help coordinate muscle activity across all four limbs during movement, especially when external obstacles are encountered.
- The study investigated how reflex pathways in the limbs are affected after incomplete spinal cord injuries, using a staggered thoracic hemisection model to simulate the injury in seven adult cats.
- Results indicated a significant loss in reflex responses and limb coordination after spinal injury, with some reflexes preserving modulation, suggesting compromised but not entirely lost functionality in response to external disturbances.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!