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Heat Exposure Predicts Earlier Childhood Pubertal Initiation, Behavioral Problems, and Tobacco Use.
Glob J Epidemol Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Background: Climate change has raised significant concerns about its impact on health, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents. While extensive research has examined physical health effects, limited attention has been given to the influence of extreme heat on developmental and behavioral outcomes.
Objectives: This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and early puberty initiation (ages 9-10), using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.
What is the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced cortical injury in the perinatal brain?
Neural Regen Res
January 2025
The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Perinatal exposure to infection/inflammation is highly associated with neural injury, and subsequent impaired cortical growth, disturbances in neuronal connectivity, and impaired neurodevelopment. However, our understanding of the pathophysiological substrate underpinning these changes in brain structure and function is limited. The objective of this review is to summarize the growing evidence from animal trials and human cohort studies that suggest exposure to infection/ inflammation during the perinatal period promotes regional impairments in neuronal maturation and function, including loss of high-frequency electroencephalographic activity, and reduced growth and arborization of cortical dendrites and dendritic spines resulting in reduced cortical volume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of Subcutaneous and Visceral De-differentiated Fat Cells.
Mol Metab
January 2025
Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China 100871; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China 100871; School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871; Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Beijing, China 100871; Biosciences and Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden 14183. Electronic address:
The capacity of mature adipocytes to de-differentiate into fibroblast-like cells has been demonstrated in vitro and a few, rather specific in vivo conditions. A detailed comparison between de-differentiated fat (DFAT) cells and adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) from different adipose depots is yet to be conducted. Moreover, whether de-differentiation of mature adipocytes from classical subcutaneous and visceral depots occurs under physiological conditions remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe α- to γ-enolase switch: The role and regulation of γ-enolase during oligodendrocyte differentiation.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address:
The glycolytic enzyme γ-enolase is a highly specific neuronal marker that is known to replace ubiquitously expressed α-enolase in the brain. Moreover, γ-enolase has been shown to exert neurotrophic activity, which is regulated by cathepsin X, a lysosomal peptidase. This study investigates the role of γ-enolase and its regulation by cathepsin X during the differentiation of oligodendrocytes, which are essential for normal brain function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFiber Length Distribution Characterizes the Brain Network Maturation during Early School-age.
Neuroimage
January 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Environmental and social changes during early school age have a profound impact on brain development. However, it remains unclear how the brains of typically-developing children adjust white matter to optimize network topology during this period. This study aims to propose the fiber length distribution as a novel nodal metric to capture the continuous maturation of brain network.
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